ʥ Vol.8 ֮


ȮС˵¼
ߣԶɰҹ
ͼһ
ͼԴ@
¼룺@
http://makeinu.weclub.info
ѧϰϽ˽Ųҵ;
24Сʱɾ鲻
ͼԴ¼롢УԵԱͶ
޸ĴıݣתرϢ


缴𡪡ϵʵ򼧾㵲ѡ
ݡˡﲮص˵Ψɱŷܻرˡ
ǿԼ£ŷȴûпܣֻǱʾûԸ򼧽൱ź
һ棬ָϣ¶Ҳĳ־񣬱򼧾ȡж



߽Author introduction

Զɰҹ  Saya Takato

19671225ճʯأɽAB͡
ԡϤ뤫α˷ˡһѡڶʮCobaltС˵ͼ
CobaltĿ֮УС쥣ƥ᡻ϵСȻԼߡϵС
`ָ֡ʥϵеƷ
һô鴦һС˲ְĸףĿǰ淴ʡС



ʥ Vol.8 ֮
CROSSTIA NO HANAYOME RASEN NO KAZE



ʥ  ֮

1  ﲮصס
2  ϣ¶ȵĺͽ
3  Ľ
4  ޡ١
5  ͷ
6  ˹Ǳ
7  ع֮
8  ոµĵ·




ʥ  Ҫǳ


Ĺλ̳˵ֱ󣬻ʹõüŮҪ巨飬ŷ

ŷ
˹ǵĵڶӣȻԸ˳ȴӡŷ˹׶˸ѵõޣӵʥʸ


򼧵ǰδ򡣱ռ壬


һӣ⣬õ޲ص˹ǡ

ϣ¶
򼧵ãлǰһδ˽

ﲮ
̵ĵƺŷǾʶ



ʥ  ֮

һƮ֮С
Ʈ졢ûңԶĹȥ

һ΢СڣŶһ޶ҫꡣ
˳ɫŮ˫˸ʯعԡ
С˿ηسž޴֣޵塣
״˽⵽˫ϸµָĸоǶôʡ

ҾʵԸɡ

ԸҰޣȻŮ
ǿػ
޵ĸŮĻرֻаѡ
޽Ǹ˵

Ҷݵġ
ӵֵ֮Ůûþ޵ǰʧˡ
ĸ˵ʧΪ
ʱ޾ͱһ
һԼ
ҪҪǸԼֱڶδ⡪



1  ﲮصס

һĿռ䡣
һʧ޾еĸоϮԼȻĴ
ʱͻȻô˵ЩԾصػܺ󣬷ֵƮаĿռ䡣
ǵԼüοƵľ
ǡͨ𡭡
Ҫһռ䡣
еĿռǲ׽һ㣬򼧵˽ȥ

򼧸ܵһ˶Ҫŵüæ֣˼
㴥Ļͻᱻȥ𡭡
ӿɲóȻжˡ
漴عͷȥ
ǱЩռม
档ֻһˡ˲ֹͣ˶ԭ͸ղŵһ׼ִƮǰС
Ƕ类ֵСӣ¶εı飬Լ֡
ȫǸղŲһغˡ
Ȼ·õģұˣƺûܵˡ
ϣ¶ȡҲΪȴ
ҺѹֲԼĺġ
򼧡Щʲô
ڰɡ
硭
򼧵Ļشһ˼ͷ
ȥĻûᱻ͵ȥԾԲม
ȻƺǴı˽⵽еΣԡ
ʵԶ˲תĿռڡ
ȷж򼧱תƵһλŮϣ¶ϡôӸղһֱһ
򼧲ҧ촽
ϣ¶ӦѾָˡ
ȻΪʲôһأ
ȡ׽֪˵ӦûֺȻͬķӦŶԡ
һ˲ڴή
ûκθı𡭡ñǰҲ˵
򼧿Լ
ﲮ͵Ѿʧ仰˵ȫʧȥ˽ƶֶΡ
ûκ˵ֻΨһ
ʱʹ޵ͺˡ
޵Ľֻɲϰó
һ뵽̲ס̾һ
УҶôĻϣ¶ǸеӲġ
ԼҪһС
ʱɲóĿǰܹʩչҲֻ򼧶ѡ
ϣ¶ڵޡҵֲһ
ʱͻȻһ¡
ôϣ¶ȵ˭أ
֮ǰϣ¶ΪΪ˱Լɥ˿޵ðǰһ̵ֱؿʧȥ˲䣬ϣ¶ȱȡһļ䣬г֮˵֡
Ȼˡʹϣ¶ȵĺͰ飬
ر
ʥ޲ߵܹΪ޵
ҡ
򼧵Ժֳ︡ĳס
ȴĮӡ˹ǵӣ巨ʿء
Сʱͺϣ¶ȶ»Լꡣ
ˣ巨ֻôأ
ޡ̳ʥķţ̳н˹ǵλһֱԸ
Ҳһȵõϣ¶ȵޡҪϣ¶ȡԭļ䣬巨ܻܿɥʧ޵Ȩ
ǵ¿ܻҲ˵
λ˹ǹ֡
ϣ¶ȲСǵ仰˵üΡĪָľôһ£
ȷʵ൱ġƷ
ʵĿһˡ
Ҳ˵һġҲġƷֻѵĴڰˡ
ôǻδñĵϣ¶أ
򼧾;ò
Ҫϣ¶ȵİصϵĻ
ֻǸͨ˵ûбϣ¶ȵ
˹ҵ˲ֻܲޣӵر
ûرġ
ʱһ¡
һ¡
ȷʵͨûΪ÷֪Ƕôƽ
̲סڣ

ͻȻԼ֣ףһתͷ򼧡
ϸ롭㲻Ҳʹĳ𣿡
¶һãȻı顣Ȼʵ
˵ܶղǸ˿ʱ򣬲ᵽǡѵġ𣿡
ԷΪ˻ϣ¶ڵޣϵĹŴ֮һ
̳ȡعȥٹ⡢ν˹֮־ǸΪܶˣ˽⵽޷Ŀ֮󣬱ûüֵǲܲԼΣգԲڶԷǰ˳
˵ܶһڡ
Ȼ򼧲ûȫܶ˵ǡ
㳤ڱܶϾֻǸͨࡣ
ʵںԼʶдԽԪռ䡢ӵ˹ǵ
ʹˡ
ô˵ǹĻ㲻ڻʹҲ˵
ţ
ٴζʵ
ûиоԼںӵĳ
ף
Ǹ˵ħȻڣ˵а취ม
һϸֳı顣
ԲҲ
ǹ߲𣿡
ţǼԼȫûӡ󡣡
ش൱ʧȻϣ¶ƺΪָܵ˼䣬ȴûкת
Խ˹ʱܲǹɥʧһֵļ䡣
о־ʱ򡪡
һӰͻȻӹߵһǡ
æ̧ͷһ
ֻһ峯Լ˶
һɫë
ŷʥޡ
ع˳ֱסǸ
棬Ϊʲô
ö򼧵ĻֻССԴգ˼۾
ѵŷǵ𡭡
ŷ棡
ôһʣ̴򼧵ӳ
æҪץסʱ򡪡
վλΪĵռ俪ʼŤ
ף
ǶֺԲС۾൱Ϥġ
ǿӡȴеЩԾ
㡭
ûüʻ
ΪǰëһƵʧˡ¸˲䣬ڵġͻȻ䡣
Գ״תռڣͻȻſ˽ȥ



ĸдѣ۾
š
Ȱ㻹ǱҶȽϺãΪΣա
ס
ӳŮӰ򼧲һ
һֱ쵽ڳԼ·Ṵ˻ǵĺɫ֪ͫò
ݡ
Ϊʲôݻᡭ
򼧻ŵҪȴԷֹ
ѹ㲻ҪҶˡôڵ˼Ȼڴ˵أӦþܵϢ
ԷķӦ򼧶ʱеɻ
ˡݡ
ϸǰŮԡ
ֶԷԼʶĽ˹ǹŲ֮ͬ
Էݶ˵˵ζûֱδģ
ǶԺɫͫȻȴ⣬ȴԵЩá
֮࣬Ŀɨܣһ
䡭
о졣
ͽ˹ǵķͬ
컨塢ǽڼҾ߶򼧵ķʮƣȻΧȴЩͬ
򼧵һƬҡ
ѵΪص˹𡭡
Ļ
ʱɫࡣ
ֻ򼧽ؽ˹ǣʹϣ¶ȻǸ硣
ҪǱĻ
ȶҡæҪ
¸˲䣬һɳصѹȸѹ㴭
ء
ǸŮҪ˵Ŷأ˵ǸĴڡ㰲һ㡣
֮ٴǰŮԡ
ԷעԼߣ򼧸е
Ұ
ȻòƣǰŮȴʶǸˡ
ǡ˭
ôһʣ¶ı飬
ûҪ֪
Ůһص
ͷȻŮ롪ѵҲǸİϷֱڻ㣬ж̰İ
ȫⷬ˼
㲻𣿡
򼧵ķʺŮ˫ۡ
Ů֡
ش򼧵ɴ۾һ仰˼
Īǡݵġĸס
ȻΪŮԣȴӵвѷʥ޲ߵǳ˹ħŮŮԡ
ǿ˹ǵУΪ
ӦѾˡ
ΪıĶŭɶڸŮԺ뿪ˡ
ȻˣԼǰˡ
Ѳϵ
սȭͷ
˵ĻͲǽ˹ǡ
ѵֳڲͬ𡭡
ôأ
򼧿ʼ¡
׶ȱ͵δ֪ռʱȿӦѳص׵ĹŴа˹򼧻һλܳ˹ǳʥɡ˹·ܵһ㣬Ŀ˰˹ĻԼ˹ǵĵ
Ӵ˳ʥꡣ
ô˵
Ҳǡɡ˹Ļ𡭡
ѵ򼧼֤ʲô
򼧹һһڿˮ
²ȷģôô޼¡
Ϊһ󶼲ɡ˹С
򼧼֤򼧷֪ɵ

ʱ򼧲һ¡
Ϊʲôܹҽ̸
ĿǰΪֹĻӰУһֱǸԹߡκζֻĬĬԹķչǰ֮ӦȫѻĻӰŶԡ
Ψһ򼧱ڵֻɡ˹ѡ
㿴ü𣿡
̽ԵʵֻǰŮԵϸֳŮ˵ʲôɵı顣
Ǹ˵һС
üҡںȥｻ̸𡭡ͺɡ˹һ
ǶԺɫֱֱͫע򼧡
Ҳ˵Ļصȥ𡭡
Խ˼򼧾ԽǸеҡ
񿴴򼧵뷨һ㣬ŮԿ˵
ȷ˵ﲢǹȥ
ס
ΪֻǼ¼ˡ
¼
νĻӰ
һͷ
Ӱ
ǰŮĿ⽻ʱ
ŮԵ΢΢һ˿΢Ц
ûҪǸĵɡ
Ǹĵ
ϾܿǸӤĵԼǳͼ
Ӥĵ
Ծ鿴񫣬Ҳûʲôġ
ŮԵָһ֮Χǽ漴ʧˣȡ֮һ⾰ӳ
ݵĸ֮⣬ǰֳһŮԡ
ɫĽ𷢡ŷķɫͬ
һ۾֪˭ˣΪ͵׺ʮ
һ˵ı飬ͷŴϵһŲ顣
ųݵŮ򼧶ϸ˵
ǸɱŮˣ֪ԼĶʲôȴ޲ߡɱԸĸ̥ˡʮ»̥Ǹ˼ɵվǵˡ
ⷬ򼧵һ
̲סŲ飬СӤƺ˯С
ǲͬģϾʧȥҵңˣοǸıǿŮˡ㿴ɡ
ͬ׵ŮԣָŽ𷢵Ůԡ
֪䣬ӤǰһӰ
Ǹĸݵ֪ˡ
ﲮء
վǰ⻷ΪһǺ򼧱͵ֵطס
ŷĸ׽Ͷﲮ֮С˵˼仰
ﲮؾǱʾӦص˵ͷ

һǿҵͻȻϮ򼧵ʶԶȥ



̫ˣˡ
򼧵ӣĵ
˲Ϣ״ʹ򼧵ʶϱ仯ٶȡ
ͻȻʧ֮УżҪء
ղһ𡭡
ԣǲΡ
򼧵ı˸Լ
򼧼ûмݵĸףҲûмŷĸףԵ޹εδıˡ
Ǹƺ̺űŮԡ
ҪǸĵɡ
кġŵӤԼ
ģ˼Ŭʱ򡪡
Һѹˡ
ƮݵϤĶ
ǲ
˵˺˫ۡ
ûĿͷǵɫ꣬һ΢Цͷ򼧡
ҲǻӰ𣿡
û¡ǻʵıˣİɡ
ˡ
һɵüͷ
ܡ
ľ󲢲ǽ˹ǵĺڲСӵڡ
ԼǻصԭǸһĿռ䡣
ﵽǡ
򼧣ﲮЦ˵
ҵһס



˼ʱһЪϢ
ﲮ˵仰󣬱ϣ¶ǰڵķ䡣
Ȼƺе㵣򼧣ǲʲô˰ɣĬĬﲮصָʾǣϣ¶ȵ߳˷䡣
ȵֻʣﲮغ֮ﲮرڿԭľиɵļľϰڷƲ豭ҶȻٽõˮע뱭ڡ
ãȺ˰ɡ
ܵߴٵǿľԵ¡
ʵ޲ǰﲮء̫һţൽøô￪ʼźá
˵Ļʵѻɽʹ򼧵Դȫڻҵ״̬
һȲָЩƽ
ƭҶ԰ɣ
ףƭ
ﲮصƮ򼧵ϡ
ӦаæŶ԰
ע⵽ﲮصߺæסԼ
ǡ
һ뵽ԼŪ˼Һ͵򼧵ϲ¶εı顣
˼͸ҵŪˡ
ȻﲮȴЦ˵
ûϵûϵóͺˡ
ǸЦһĸоǻԼٵĴ򼧲ɵɫһ
ڲ˵ֻʱһ㡣
ֻȻЦݡ
ʲô뾡ʡ
û뵽Էش˸ɴ࣬򼧾е㲻֪롣
ǡ
Ϊʱ̾Ϳ쵽ˣνʲôԡ
ʱ̾Ϳ쵽ˡ
ʲôԡ
ǰʲô⣬Աؾķʽ۵꣬ȴصȴ򼧷ʡ
ⷴ򼧿ʼ
ӵһ൱ĸо
û취ƽľ
Ͼһϸ˵࡭
һȻš
Ϊϻġˡڡ
˵νֻеĳڡ
񻰺ʹ˵ǺȫԵĶ
㲻ɣ
򼧵ķʣﲮغܸɴصͷʾ϶
ûµȥҲû壬ʵ˵ȷʵࡣ
˵ġˡ
ϣֻΪȡưˡ
ﲮؾлҳƵģں˵𾪵ʵʹ򼧵һʱ֮ɥʧʵСʹˣ򼧻Ŭʶѡ
ŷ֪ʵ𣿡
ôһʣ΢΢ͷ
Ӧûȫ֪ɣ֪ҺĸЩѡ
Щ飿
ΪѰ
һ˵˵
ƭˣĻʲôѰ㲻Ҫһжʵ𣿡
ܵɵﲮ¶Ц
˵кҽӴ˶ѣȻҲڣ¡

ͬĵŷҲҵѡ
µ˵ֻﲮأ򼧲üͷ
ôǻ˵ѵ𣿡
ף
ǰװãȻ飬֮࣬ȴҲ̲סһۡ
ŷ˾ڴһΪŷ˸񡪡ĸɣ
򼧻ղűռʱĿõĹ⾰ʱŷĸ׶վǰﲮ˵ĳЩﲮҲͷӦˡ
ǲһΣۿʵʹһжɵĺ¡
ﲮЦ˳
ϣҶԼҲΪõԾʹӦˣҲˣҲܽύŷѡ
ӣ˵Ļͷԡ
Ȼﲮرʾʲôԣǲеϸŵؽֱ򼧲һ㡣
ȻǹҪ򼧵θڡ
ֻǺڲͬʱĴڣ˵ˡ
ȻˣЩĨǵҲֻ˷ʱ䡣
¶ģһת
ٻ𣿡
ﲮˬص˵ͷ
ǵġ
ֻǽ˹ǣ綼𣿡
򼧽һȷϣﲮȻͷʾ϶
û
Ϊŷ˾Եʣ
ʵҪġĳȷʵǼ˵֮һ
Ϊ˷סŷ˾ԲŸĸŷ˸𣿡
һ飬ֻʵԸˡ
ôֹ𣿡
ﲮһԴ΢΢һƫ
ǲܵģΪŷ˾ĴڱǸŤ㡣ŷֻӦðˡ
Ӧá
򼧣ﲮص¶Щⲻȥı顣
ϸ˵ⲢĴ־棬ʵӦҵĴ
Ĵ
Ҹ׵Ӵ绹ûгɳԳĵز
ǣԤϵܻöԲ˰ɣ
ɡ˹˵ڰ˹֮صסˡոµʱ
Ϊ˱صޣˡһʩ
ʩĹؼ֮һƺϣ򼧲ͼʲô
Ϊڸ򼧣²֪Ĳ衣ﲮؿһ֮󣬵˵ͷ
ȷ˵û
Ǻڼ޵ġƷΪйأ
ǵġ
ϣ¶ȣң
ﲮٶȵͷ
ŷµͲС
ŷģ
򼧶ﲮͶԺɵ
ɡ˹˵Լ޷񣬵İ²ŷǽ˹ǵĳม
򼧵Ļﲮػش
һʼûԭ㲻ŷҲνֻҪǽ˹ǵĹʥˡĸʱЧһġֱΪŷ˾ĴڵΪֹ
ֱŷ˾Ϊֹ
ֻҪиͽˡϾΪ޵Ӵ󣬲Żĸɡ
и
ֻϧŤиءŷ˾һ˲䣬ҾԼĹˡԭ磬û뵽̬ȴķչ
ķ򡭡
ҲòԼĴ󡣡
Ҫôɡ˹ý˹ǵʲô
ޡ
š
ĽɱʥĻ޾ͻȫţԶٶȽ١
仰򼧵һ
˵ɱ
źǳɡ˹֮⣬ܹʹýֻ֮ѡ
һ¡˼ǡҪҰŷ
ûм˵ȥ
δ⡭Ҳ̫
̫ˡ
ǰȫں򼧵Ŀһ㣬˿϶Ĵ𸲡
ôһ¡
򼧲˵Կڱ粵
ŷʥҲֻһͷ
򼧵Ļﲮص˵ͷ
ûͳ
ף
޲ֻһͷԹֹ״
˵ʲô
˵Ӧ͸ʥ֡١ĴڡʵϹȥһֱˡȴòһˣͻȻϣһֻһͷ޳ء
ޣ
ǵġҲΪѺԽԽ޸ĵز
ﲮôһ˵սȭͷ
Ҫɱŷ˾ǣǰ֮ŷ˾ڣȻǼһﻹû
ǵȻģ̶ֳȾɱͲˡ

ŷ˾˭Ҳɱģڡ
Ȼˡ
Ҳ׼Կס
˵ŷ
û
˵ʲôɵ
ʹʥҲνֻҪŷ¾ˡ
ղŲ˵ŷ˾ɱ𣿡
˵ŷ˾һ
û˵꣬򼧾æﲮصķԡ
һ£Ѳɡ
ǳǸµû

Խܵʵ򼧽ҧס촽
Ǧ黹صθֶµĸо
øݵ򼧣ڳһ֮󡭡㿪ʵ
ɱŷĻŷ˾ǻ𣿡
ǿ仰ﲮضͶƽߡ

۲ͼ

ǰ˵ˣŷǰԿס
Կס
򼧷ۻǾ仰ʱǰ˵
ӡԿס
ף
һʱ֮䣬޷֮⡣򼧣Ȼ˵
ֻҪƻǰԿףӡĶͻýš
ӡĶָ
ŷ˾𡪡
ǵġ
ﲮ¶΢Ц
ƻΪŷµԿ׺󣬽һ˸񡣡
һ˸񡭡
ŵλŷ¡
˻һ򼧶ʱס˺



2  ϣ¶ȵĺͽ

ﲮصĻ򼧾񶳽Ƶģȫ޷
λ⻰ʲô˼
ŷΪŷ˾֮Կ׵Ĵڡ
һֱΪ˹ǵĵڶ˸ɵġ
Ȼ
¶һãȻı飬ʵ
ŷŷ˾֮⣬һ˸񡭡
仰ѿڶ֮еˡ
ﲮص˵ͷ
ǵġ
ôû˵
û˵飬ûκ˸߹򼧡˵û֪£
ֻ㶵עǰꡣ
һж˵ƿ֮𣿼ͼƻһСԼŷĸ׺ﲮ֮Эôûκ֪ҲΪ档

ŷ
򼧷ɳƵ
ŷ֪𡭡
ֻﲮͻȻվյķšĬĬľٶ
ﲮִ򿪷š
һ벻վ⡣Էģ̴
ŷ
ԷɫɫͫĽ˹ǵڶӡ
ŷ򼧣һҲ
Ȼع򼧡
Ѹתͷﲮأ
⾿ô£
ŷӭġȸ֪ڴˡ
ȸ֪
뼴ŷ¿ҲҵطԾ΢Эһ¡
Э
òɵעﲮء
ڵ޷˵ÿһ仰ʲôϾǰߵﲢǡࡹ
ͨ˲֪ܿ뷨
ʹˣ򼧻ǱܵزﲮصΪǴ⡣
㲻ɰɣ
˻һﲮصϸֲı顣
װɵҲûãŷղŵ̸԰ɣ
վǰŷ򼧵˵
ŷԵ൱򼧻ͷһο¶ֱ顣
ʱﲮ¶Ц
ǵģĺܴ
仰˽⵽Լֱȷġ
ɵսȭͷ
ΪʲôҪô
ΪҲ֪ˡ
򼧽ҧס촽
Ȼŷ֪𡭡
ŷĸﲮ֮Լ

򼧵¶һ˿յɫ
Ҫ龹ȻһֱԵ졭
ֱڶûлָŷ򼧸еʮʹԵ൱ˡ
ʵ̫ˡ򼧶ﲮطŭ
㵽סǵʲôˣ
ǰסﲮص졣
Ϊʲôµ˵ֻ㵽֪֪Լ˵Ļʲôĺ⣿
ѹѾõŭһʰ
ҪɱɣҪɱҵɷҮ
˹ǵڶǲġ
ⲻ
ⲻѽΪʲô¶أ
˵ڴǰ򼧵˵ĸ˵ֻ΢Ķ
ҪΪɷȲŷ˾Ҳǵ˸񣬶ŷǹͬһ壬Ҳȫͬĸ塣ȻȴҪҪˣ
򼧵һֱĳ£Ǿǲŷ᲻ᱻŷ˾ɣӴʧϡ
˵ŷʵĴڡ
˸ֻҪĻڣĿеʵڡ
Ҳ򼧲Żĺ顣
ͬһ˸򼧾Ͳнͷˡ˭ϲͽ˹ΣյĻϹϵ
ԭһֱߣػ˷Ĳµ
Ϊ˲ڵͷΪ˲ʧͷ򼧲žһġ
ȻﲮȴҪѾ¶ĵΪŷ˸񡪡ôܴӦҪ
򼧻ɿﲮ֡
ôܶŷµְ
֪䣬ﲮͶԿԸ
ڻ٣ϣﲮջǰǷֻһЦǡ
ŷ·ϺȻѡŷ𣿡
仰Ŀɿڴ
ʹ˻˶ȥҲҪѡŷ𣿡
ﲮôһʣ򼧶ʱԶԡ
硪ĽҲ˵ʲô޷ǿΪԼ˵Ļжôǿѡ
ﲮ̾һ
˵ʲôϴӦôһҲֻˡ
򼧵Ժֳ︡ɡ˹˵Ļ
˹
ɡ˹ǽ˹ô򼧽ǽ˹ʱô˵ġ
ѡȨ򼧵ϡ
ɡ˹ûΪ޷ɱԼɷ
ҲΪʱûз񲻿ɵıҪԡ
յõ޵δ
еֻǲԤסԵʱǶԣңԶδŻٵ⣬ҪǽƸңԶδ
ʹ֪޵Ӱ졣
˻ǲңڽ˹ʷУ޷֮
ԡҲעãֻŵԾ߱
Ҫһʼͽ⣬ǵȵ̬޷֮⡣
㲻ѡҲ˵
ɡ˹ͬǣû취Ƹ˽
ζ
򼧰Ͷŷ
𾪵лָ֮󣬱쳣ƽıע򼧡
Ǹħ˸ͬɫͫ
ǡ൱Ϥ
Ƿر졣ȫԼʧһʼûк¹һ򼧷ǳա
һô飬ҲȻİɣȻȴֿ̹Ȼܡ
شߡ
С顭û취
˵ҲǣҲôΪʱ֮ǰúÿɡ
ʱ̡
絽ʱ㻹û˾ͻ䵽ˡϡ
仰򼧵һ
Ҳ˵κѡҲһѡ
˵˵ȥ򼧻ֻʣѡѡŷѡ硣
ӿ򼧵ͷ
Ӷ˹ǵʱû뵽ԼȻ顣ֻǶ˺δеˡ
ӵĶ̫̫࣬򼧲ԼҪ
ַǾ񲻿ɡ
򼧽ҧ촽ͷﲮļ
ŷºú̸̸Σ
ף
򼧳ﲮָķ򻺻̧ͷ
ﲮضŷ֮ŷ߽ڡ
ﲮҲͬʱ뿪˷䡣
ﲮ˳ƹϷŵ˲䣬۽ǵⲻ鵽ɫ
͸ļ򼧿ϣ¶ĬĬעԼ

ȥñٵľֵҪˡ
ϣ¶Ҳ˽⵽һ㡣
ûͬҲûе⣬ϲκθ飬ֻĬĬעŽӡ



Դʣ˶󣬷ھһεա
ȴƳĬŷ
Ǹ򼧡
ŷĻû˵һ룬ͱ򼧴ˡ
򼧺ݺݵصǰꡣ
ò˵㱻ɱҲνɣ

ǲˡŷһεرߡķӦ򼧲еĸꡣ
˵ôɺòã
ķ·һѩ㣬ѩĵ׳ڲһһο򼧵ģ൱ܡ
ǵԵϣɱҵĻӦҵ𣿡
ôһ˵ŷ¶һֹı飬Ǳ졣ֻʴӵ򼧡
ҪԼ¡
仰ŷŻڡ
򼧣û취ˡ
ŷƽٶŭ̲סץסŷ󣬽ŷԼ
ѽΪʲô㻹ܰڳһ²ؼӰ¿ǣ浽Ү
ǿҪҡŷĳ嶯򼧷ŭ𡣼ʹˣŷԲ˵
֮侲һ㣬򼧡
ǸҼһ㣡
ѾҵķҲһ
ǲڰɣ
֪ԭͲӦôˣʧҲûʲô˵ġ
ôڻ˵ֻ
ѾҪǰһˡǼסɳ嶯
ڵͼƽ
ܲˣÿ˶˻󡭡
ܶŷ˵ʲôĻ벻һ㡣
ûŹΪ˸ڡ
һұֶĺøУҲΪԵʡ
Ϊ򼧿϶ŷ˸񣬲ǰΪŷ˾Կףǿ϶ŷ˵Ĵڡ
Ȼʱȴ򼧵Ĺ۵㶼Է񶨡
˵ûа򼧵Ļȥ
򼧾ʮй
ʱŷִ򼧵Ķ
ʵ㲻Ҫııɱ׷Ȼһʧ岢ֻǻ滻һ˸˰ɣΪô˵Ӧûʲôʧǡ
滻һ˸񡭡ʧɣ
ôһ˵ŷϸֳ˼ı顣
ʲôһ򼧸е൱
ҡŷ
治ףΪʲôôѰӡѵ㶼÷ŭ㲻ŷ˾ԿףҮ㱻ֻΪ˴ĿĶѣҲһģ
ŷ΢΢ƫԴ
˵ŭҷǸе
ף
ʵܴܵĴมϲ򼧣һ뵽ܺ򼧽飬Ҿ;൱ˣȴ;жˡ
˻һ򼧲һ
Ǽ¡ҲáǸ
µϣٻܹԲĻϾ̫δ˵Ըˡ

򼧣ȡҵҸԸ⿴ΪңһҲԸ⿴˳ееΡ
ⷬעŷ

۲ͼ

ȫ֪е˸ĴڣҲú󡣲ȻһʼΪ˶ģôҲֻԭͲӦôˣҲûԹʲô
Ҳ׼ô˵
򼧲õشŷķԡ
Ҫ˵Żᶮڲʹ𣿵ɸ޹ؽҪȷʵˡȷʵӵҡȷʵϲң𣿡
ǡ
Դߵŷ򼧼˵
ⲻνġš𣿡
ʵںŷ˽Լ飬̲סе
ֻǸ˸ֻǸʧҲνԤԿףҾͲôˣ



项һ򼧴˷š
ֻﲮؾվ⡣
ϵıԵе졣
ʲôˣΪʲôҪأ
ûгܡ
仰򼧾Ի˵Ϊɣŷϳ䡣
ﲮ֣ʾҪ
ﲮ¶û취ı󣬻ǹԹ򼧵ָʾϳŷҲæҪ䣬򼧲项һϷšŰײŷıӡ
⴫ŷԼֵٴתͷﲮء
ŷ̸𣿡
Ȼ㶼ˣֺα֪ʣȻûС
Ȼ
ڲܶ˵ʲôûáҺ޷ͨ
ź
ȫ㺦ġ
Ҳúܹⲻȥ˵ġ
ǸҲû취̬תɣ
һ㶼û
ﲮصĻش̾һ
ֶﲮʣ
һʵڸ㲻˵ŷ˾ĵǵԭɣôΪʲôֻͻȻðŷأ
ޡ򼧵⣬ﲮӦһ򼧰Լеˣֻƺøô˵źãϸЩı顣
ΪԵʶΣ෴ģΪŤԵʣŻᵮ
෴
ᵮҲ޿κε¡һҲΣΪҵûϵ鷳Ĵڻϡʧˡ
ﲮ¶͸ԽΪѱ
ֻŤȥĻѱδֵڶŷ˾Ͼкͬ
˻һ˫ۡ
ͬ˵ŷ˾
ȫǾ仰˼
ѻ˵ǳ׶һ㡣
˵绹̫СԳ޵
С
Բͷ򼧣ﲮͻȻһת
ǵºŷµɣͷͬʱڽ˹ǣᵼ¹ұŻͷתĴԪ
ҵȻǵá
仰˵޺ʥ޶Ӱ̫ǿˡΪ˱׽ٻŻҪƷơȴ½ֲҪƷ޻ʥޡޣԼڵޡ
ޡ𣿡
ﲮ˵ͷ
ԭǲӦô
⻰ʲô˼
ﲮص֮⣬üͷ
Ҳ˵಻޺ʥޡ١磬ʹܲסЩڣ˲Żѷ졣
ѷ졭
ĳѷ֮һֳΪԪ졣˵ͨڵĿռ䡣
仰˫ۡ
Ԫ졭
ȥüۣ֪ޣֻ֪Ǹ˼Ŀռ䡣
Ӳֻ˶ѡ
ֻҪ͸ѷ죬޺ʥ޲ҪƷ硣
ﲮصķ򼧾Ȳѡ
һԭѾѵ磬ܵ޼ʥ޲ӵѹ֮£ᵼѷԽԽγֹĶѭ
˳˼
ȷֵڶͷ޵ʱ򣬽˹ǵ񹬺ͳȫʧ롣
ʱɢĲѰ
Ҳ⣬
ŷ˾ĳ֡
ʲôҪôʵʱﲮȻشˡ
ڳ֮ܵӰ죬ʹý˹ҵѪ䡣
Ѫ䡭
з˼ﲮ˵Ļһ仰˼
Ҳ˵ŷ˾ͻȻĽ𡭡
ŷ˾Σ֮²ֻΪ֮ܵӰô򵥡ۼʶŷ˾֮൱һ㡣
ܹղԼ
Ŀԡ
Ѿ˾ﲮҲ޷ȷյδ֪ڡŤ磬˭ܹδֺͬĴأ
ѷϣ޺ʥ޵ӡ
˭ܹ⽫Ψһһεأ˵ŷ˾ĵԭԤ֮£ûܹ֤δٷͬ¡
ԲҪɱŷ𣿿һﲻ˵ŷʧŷ˾Ҳ𣿣
ֻ𣬻˻ѵŷ
򼧶ԼͶɻߣﲮЦݵ˵
Ҫһлع޵
ȫ仰˼



ڷĴϡ
ļª̣ͽ˹ǵĺ֮
ﲮΪ޷ؽ˹ǡ޷ȥط򼧵׼˸Եķ䡣
ܹڲݿռ˵׼סӦ練ơ
ϰڷĲ͵㡣
ȻܸлﲮصضЩ͵㣬ûаʳ򼧾᲻𾢽ʳ
;ŷкü̽ڵڵ򼧲˵
ô򼧡ôŷҲıԼ
һ֧򼧡
򼧳˼ĳ¡
һлع޵
򼧲ﲮʲôͼֻ֪ӵһֶֹΡǾǽ򼧵ŷ
ΪʲôҲɡ
˵Ӧú򼧺ɲŶԡ
֮൱С򼧣ǲͽ˹ҳϹϵġ
ϣ¶ȵĻ˵ùȥ
˵һʼ;أ
Խ˼ԴԽǻҡ
򼧽ҧ촽
ҵ׸ôźá
ͷ˼ʱ򡪡
ϣ¶ͻȻ˷ڡ
㡣
̧ͷ
ϣ¶ԴٻͷһôƺԼؿá
ϣ¶ȡ
ͬʱҲûָͷһν̸
ںϣ¶ĿӺٴȷѾָˡ
ǰϣ¶ȣ֮ǰǸ¶Ҫﵽͷϵϣ¶Щͬ
ȴҲ͹ȥǸڶϣ¶Ȳ̫һ
ϣ¶ڲ֪в˱仯ʱ˿̣ʽɫҲıá
Ȼ¶ֱ飬治Ү
Դ̵򼧵һ
ȡ˼䣬ϣ¶ȿЩų򼧡
ʹˣ򼧻ķʡ
ң
ǰ㯵ġȻ²ɿΪŮǰͷ쵼˲㣬㵽ĵز
񡭡
ڲ˴ȻŸҶɥ֮࣬Ȼעϣ¶ȡ
ϣ¶ߵ򼧵ԣ򼧵߸߶Ȱ㣬ͬһŴ
ҰΣ
ף
ô˵ܲ壬ҶȡʲôжǳȤ
һ֮£˫ۡ
Ϊ̳λĹһֱ̫ˡ
ϣ¶ȿʼ˵
Ǳ˹ǵӿϵġƷһֱ˵ĺǻ³ɳġôԣҶ˳ҵ˼ΪΣҴûһӮù㡣
˵ϣ¶ͣһ£һ˵ؿ򼧡
֮˵ĴСΪŮ˵˵ûκ塣ΪֶұļֵһϵûС
ϣ¶ֱŤı顣ǰʱϣ¶ȾʱΪ̾˶¶ֱ顣
ϣ¶̧°ͣ˵
ܵҵľȴΪ֮˵Ĺϵÿ˳ԵҪʱһܸĴܸСһ޷ɡ
ϣ¶״εԼĻֻһ㵵š
һֱΪϣ¶Ǹ˼˰á
Ŀɰ򼧸еĽǿϣ¶׷ȴȫͬĶ
ϣ¶ȾȻἵҡ
һ뵽򼧾͸е൱졣
ŮζֿɰҲĽء
ѽѵмʹô˵˵ЩƯȴܼޣ
ϣ¶ôһ˵æ񶨡
û£ֻǾеĽѡǸԺá㲻òڣܴҵϲҲǳѽ
˻һϣ¶ȶʱüͷ
ɣҾһ㡣
ס
ֱ߽࣬ҷǳһ㡣ΪôڣҾǵв
һҲ
ϣ¶ǲˣ
򼧿Լ֡һ˲òʱ̣Ҳᶯֶ߱Լ
ԭǰʱԼõľѾôңԶˡʼδġ
ϸ룬Ǻûӽ̸
ԼȥһֱԱߵ̬ϣ¶ദ
Լ̫ΪҲ˵кڵ򼧲ɵôͷϣ¶Ǽ˵
Եһ˽ʱķǳˡҲڶһе൱ġȻû뵽ȴ˽˹ǡǸλ̳ˡΪ㣬ΪһĹ㶼޿ޣİ˱ˣ侲
仰ʹ򼧵ġ
ˣҲȫûܵˡ
ûʧذɣ̫˽ˣһǸе֮࣬ȻĬĬʵ˶԰ɣ
ǡ
Ż䵱ҵһˡ
Դڲ
ʹڣҲû𱸹Ұ䡣㻹Ǹ
˵ʲô
ôһʣϣ¶Ȼһ䡸ûʲô֮󣬱ߣʼĶ
ֻǸղŵһοôӣҸеЩˡ֪ҲֻǸͨˡ
ϣ¶̾һȻְƻϡ
ҡһֱ뿴ʹѹӡʵʿ֮ȴһҲĲ
򼧵һֻϣ¶ȵʼı仯
˵ıڲ֪ʧˣϣ¶ȴߣС˵
ʵһֱԺ㣬ȻΪ㣬ʵҵһֱϣ㱣ǸӡʸšӢˬĶֱ֮ڣҲŲԼϣһֱ
ס˺
򼧣ϣ¶Ƚ˵
ԲܽʲôѡҶ֧㡣ʶĽһѡ񱣻硪߱ҲʶĽ㣬ѡ˳ԼԸûʸֽ㡣
ʱ˽⵽òΪ޻ŭġ
ϣ¶ȡ
Լķʽ롣
һ򼧸еǳġ
ʱϣ¶ֵ˵
ϣ¶ȵ˫ֱֱ򼧡

۲ͼ

㣬Ϊʲôʱ޿̶ҪּǿأôҪ𣿾ôɳ𣿻ҵĻҪҶԼҪʹɱ֣Ը뷨дΪʲôͲԼεأ
ⷬ˫ۡ
һªˣòװŵӡ

㲻ϲŷ𣿡
仰ͷΪ֮һ
⡭
֧֧򼧣ϣ¶ٴζͶԲͷ
ҲûкңʧȥʱҲûʧȥ侲ǣŷµʱȴһǸṩġһѡУҺڣȻȴûеһʱѡǸѡǺһȹʱȽϳãȴڰڵŷ֮ԥⲻõ֤𣿡
ָܵժ򼧶ʱƿԡ
ΪػҪʹĳЩˡΪػһʶûõˣ˵ӦðõŶԡοԷҲѾľˡ
ǡ
ŷ±ˣΪʲôẦأΪ㲻ʧȥŷѽ

ҧ´
Ҳ˵û
ϿΪŷƽʵֻԼԸˡ
ֻǲԸʧȥŷˡ
սȭͷ򼧣ϣ¶ȼ˵
Ȼ˹ǵڶӽҴ棬ҲþȡôӦûʲô㯵ĲŶԡѡɱŷ£ǻɱŷһΪĻŷڵ˶һˣ㻹ǲɱǾʹĸѾ֮ˣⲻϲʲô
ϲ
ϣ¶ֱס򼧡
ɵð⴫ŷ²ร㡣
ŷ
һؿϣ¶ȡ
ҡ
ϣ¶ֶһ仰
Ըǿһ䣬Ϊ˰˽ǳѡɡ̫ʹˡ



3  Ľ

һ˴ڷԵŴ⡣
ʵڷ̫ˣʹԼںδ㲻
͸ľɫǿյĺɫҰ
û̫Ҳûǣǰ컹Ǻҹ޷б
ȻҲǴԪ𡪡
ƺԭʧĳ̫һ˵Щطʵǻͨأ
ʼ˼֮ǰϣ¶˵Ļ
򵥵ķŷ
Ȼһ㡭
֪䡪ŷĴھȻռôķһֱûע⵽
˵ľȻ˲ʹƿء
ʲôȷġһҲ޷жϡȻˣ˳ԼԸ֮⣬Ҳޡ
˳ԼԸ
ҡҡͷ
õĻԼͲôʹˡ
Ȼϣ¶˵ֻǶ򼧶ԣϣ¶ȡԼҲͬҪŷǷϺԭһֵ¡
ﲮ˵ʱ̣ʣ¶ʱأ
Ǹʱ̵֮ǰԼһֱĿռڷոͣ
һ˼¡һŴľɫʱ
ڿռУͻȻһӰ
򼧳һ嵽ϸһ


ǰϣ¶һסڵվͷ
Ǽһվֵطʲô
Դϣ¶Ȼָ˲һֱһ
ȻֻıӰȴһĪĲȻ
ô¡ĸо
ӦѾܶн˲Ŷԡ
ɥʧһֵļ䣬ڵȷʵˡ
ȻΪʲôԼĻϰµء
Ҫ򿪴Ǵȴ򲻿

ôҡΣԾƷ粻ֱǻǽϵͼһ
æ䣬һ򿪣Ϳŷڵϡ
򼧣Żŵģʲôˡ
ͻȻ򼧣ŷŵôģһ֪ΪĹڷ򼧣һֱſڡ
ڲʱ
Ǹҳȥһˡ
ԽҺȣִغ򼧰š
ǴŵŰѰҲⲻͺ򼧷Ĵһ
Ϊʲô򲻿ѽ
򼧽ذŰѣտյ
Ǵ򲻿ġ
ŷӱҸ档
ף
ΪǲŰ
š
طûгڵġ
ûгڡҷ߳˷Ű
ָĲֳڣϵⲿĳڡӦֻװΰˣﲮΪӪղװȥİɣϾûдҲûأоϻͦġ
仰򼧲Ŀɿڴ
ӪաǴģ

㲻ﲮصĸ֪֮²ҵ𣿼Ȼûţôġ
򼧵ʣŷܸɴػش
ұͲҪ͸ҲܽˡֻҪ˸λõĻ

ŷֻͨ࣬ҪԸϰȥ硣
Ȼˡ
˵Ǳﲮعޣ
ôһʣŷͷ˵
֪ʲôҲ֮ܶһƺһѷΣգ᲻ֹȵأ
ⷬ򼧳һ¡
ȡ
ҿ𡭡
ȷ򼧱Ҳ˵Լһڲ䣬ַա
ҲһҪ嵽ͷȥĳ嶯
ϸ룬ڵԼȷʵƽ̫һ
ﲮڵҲ˵
Ǹ㲻Ǽһ
ΪԼʱȴԹۣΪԹʱȴӱԼ
һʱ𣬻мƻ֮Ǹ
Σס֮ǰĳȷʵǸǳΣյĵطƮŲռڣСĻͻڲ֪䱻İĳ
뵽ͻȻһ¡
һ¡
Ȼûϵⲿ飬ͨҪڵͷȥӦǲܵĲŶԡ˵
Ϊٴȷϣæܻط
Ȼ桭
ȲǻþҲۻȷʵվڴ档
Ϊʲô

̲סл
ƺ򼧵عͷ
ע򼧵ɫͫ¶ɫ
Ҫ˵ʱ򡪡
ͻȻðǹ֮ݵĶ·ˮС©Ƶģ֮ݲϴͷϴܳ
֮ںһ㣬ɢ
ĿŵĹ⾰򼧿ڴٴνк

򼧵ûﵽɢĹ֮ݵʧˡ
ǰֻʣʲôûеĿռ䣬û̫ҲûǣǺɫҰһ޼ʵĿռ䡣
򼧡
ӲԾ򼧣ŷһĵ׷ڡ
򼧻عͷŷе
ʧˣ
ף
ҵ򼧲ַŶͷ
ôǼһòײźϣ¶ʽطҮȻΪʲôᷢ¡
ŬͼƽԼĵĽǡ
ѵֱƭ𡭡
ԭΪʵܶƿ
ܡǼһܶǰҪûô
˶ô˵ˡҼȻڸ״̬޷ϣ¶ȵķģĴڶӦûаֵŶԡ
˵
ϣ¶ȡˣôϣ¶ȽͲźá
֮£ϣ¶Ȳָʧȥļ䡣
ȻղȴǰĪʧˡ
ʹˣ»Ǳϣ¶ȡ
򼧿ʼѰϣ¶ȵӰ
ﲮ׼ڲֻǸͨڡ
ԭʹΪ򼧵˵ò޸ĳۣ;ŴӹȥĻӰ򼧲
Ψһ֪ﲮΪ򼧵׼˸Եķ䡣Ȼûа취ⶰгȥʹϣ¶Ӧûĳ
ͽ˹ǹͬﲢҪ˲ѡ
׼򿪵һʱ
ŷֹ
һ£򼧡
򼧿ŵĶͻȻŷϡ
һתͷŷֻŷֱֱǰķš
ŷ¶ƽʱͬı飬ҲƺﲻԾ
źʲô𣿡
ŷûлش𡣿ķӦ򼧸ȷˡ
Īϣ¶ȵķ䣿
򼧣ȱȥȽϺá
ôУ
ŷֹ˷š
¸˲䡪һǿӭϮ
ӳ

򼧵һ
Ϊһ벻
巨
Ǿǽ˹ǵӣ巨ʿء
ΪŷĵܵܣͬʱŽ˹ʵȨĵӡϣ¶ȻָǰҲ޵ˡ
ڵϣ¶˵ȫΣյ
ϣ¶ھ
صڽ巨еϣ¶ƺ˹ȥһͷ䵽档
巨Ƶϡ
ɫͫ˸Ĺâ͸ע򼧡
ͻ״򼧲֮Ȼʵ
㡭Ϊʲô
ûд𻰡
߽Ľ巨ֻһ˲¶Цݣűϣ¶һƾʧˡ



عѾ̱ڵϡ
׵׷ʲô¡
ֻʧϣ¶ȶ巨°ߡ
ԣϣ¶ԭڽ巨ġƷá°ߡ˵̫ǡ
ǡ
ղʧǰĽ巨ǶԵɫͫ
ʮϤġ
뿳򼧵ԴʱҲ̺ͬΣչâ
Ǽһ
򼧽ҧ촽
巨֪һˡ
ϣ¶ȱ֮¡ԼԼѾ޵֮¡
͸ĳֶε֪Լһֱǵ³ˡ
򼧻عͷȥŷɫصվԭء
Ϊ֪𣿡
Ӧá
ŷͷ϶üͷ
Ǽһǵڶ⵽ϣ¶ȵıѡΪôϣ¶ȣ
巨ʿشСͿϣ¶Ⱦ޴֮ˣѡΪδ
Ǻųƽ˹Ľ巨ȴϣ¶ȼ˵ȥϣ¶ٵ˹ʱŻ򼧵δ˽
ϣ¶Ū˴ӣʵƾһˡ
Ȼٴطʱϣ¶ʧȥ˼䣬Ҳûоܾ巨
ˣϣ¶Ȼ׽ųĽ˹ǵӡ
Ҵޡ
ϣ¶Ȼָ˼䣬һֽΪӰ
ŷ¶һԔݵı顣
ν巨һĹġ̹˵⵽һαѺ󣬽巨ԭãѾ漣ˡ
ʱ巨Ϊ˵õ޶ϡϣ¶Ȼָ䣬ҲʧȥĻƱزŹϣ¶ȡ
򼧽ʵ
ĵܵܰɣͲ취𣿡
ô˵ƾа취˵ö巨Ȼ巨ֻƾһɳ嶯£ԵȴҲ˵ο߻иݡ
Ǹֺ򼧲üͷ
ݡ
Ϊ˹ӵĽ㣬ȴֻ簮Сĵܵܽ巨ֻҪΪ˽巨ʲô¶ó
ԭ˵ϣ¶ǲΣյġƷǾԲϣ¶˵ġ㲻Ὠ巨ϣ¶ȣ޵֧ȨתƵϣشֺ
ڵĽ˹Ƕԣϣ¶Ǹ൱ΣյĴڡǶ뷨ƵĽһᵼͬĽۡ
˵ʧȥˡ
վڴͷԼı飬ȷʵ֪÷ı顪ȴ֪
Ȼӵͨûе
ϣ¶Ȼָİ飬ʹ޵֧ȨתƵϣҲв޵뷨ѵ𡭡
ڼ޵ϣ¶ȣԽ˹ֻṹв
ҪӲܵĻϣ¶Ⱥпܻᱻɱ
һ뵽򼧾ɫࡣ
Σͱ׵ȥˡ
ΣǰõΣ򼧲Ŀ־С
ŷ
һ֮򼧿ˡ
ŷƺҪ˵ʲô
򼧡
Ϊʲô
ؽ˹ȥ԰ɣ
˵ͷ
֪ڻؽ˹ǲ׵Ҳ˽ԼǿѣҲ׵ŷΪ˸еš
ڵ벻취ˡ
򼧣ŷ̾һ
ڻؽ˹ǵĻ鷳ġ
ףϾԼµĻ
˾Բһ¡
ڽ˹ӵĻϣΪ򼧺ͻȻƻʥʽ·Я
ȡжԳ֧Ŵ½Ľ˹˵һ衣
ǰͺͱ˽ϣ¶ȣﲻ⡣
ȻŷΪ˱򼧣򼧿ѣڳǶ벻Űɡ
ȫԼʵΪµĽҲֻ̹Ȼԡ
Ҳڲˡ
򼧵ѡп𡭡Ҳ޷ϣ¶±ɱϾ򼧺ò׸оϣ¶ȺԼľˡ
ղصظ㯵Ҹ棬Ҫ˳ԼԸȥ˵ʲô޷ȡ
ŷʾ
˹ĿǰǳӣϾѾ˲òѡʱڡεʹʧȥãӪһ״ֽ̬֧巨ΪĺܸߡΪȻСôܣȴֵʺϼ̳λˡ
һʼ͵õ޵Ļ˹ǵλˡϣ¶ûߡӦ˵ŷ˾ûޡ١ڣⳡλսӦͷֳʤˡ
ҡҡͷ
ǽ巨Ѿ֪ˣʧȥ޵ûʸ̳λ𣿡
һѷŭìͷָϣ¶ȡ
Ϊ˱Ϲҵİ̩ԼΪѵĴۣǸ˼пܻϣ¶ȵ
ҲǱеļǿ־򶯣ŷİ̾һ
ðɣҲܱ֤ʲô״ม
֪˼
еⲻȥ򼧲ɵôߡ
֪Լŷᣬʵ޷ϣ¶֮
һᡣ
˵˲ԼǱŷŶԣȻŬʵ򼧵Ը
һζҪӱܣԸԼĽۡ
Ҫ˦һ㣬ٿ̧ͷ
Ŀǰռ˰ɣ뿪ֶ𣿡
ŷ˼ػش
㵹û⡣
ףǡ㲻˵ûг𣿡
ֻŷݸһЦ
ﲮʱѾס·ˡҪȥ򵥵ġ
ʱٴϵǺŷ˾ǹͬһĴڡ
ȻƽʱɵɵģȴǷ֮
ɣ򼧡
ֱֱעŰԼŷ
ƽʱ˾ÿסŷȴһַǳɿĸо
򼧻ס֣һɰĸȻ



һ˵˵̵̲ʱ䡣
ʹΣȻ޷ϰ߽пռƶʱĲʸС
ƴܵĸоŷ֮£Խռ䡢ִĿĵء
ŻĶĸкͷʹѸƽϢƶˡ
¸˲䣬򼧲˽⵽Լ뷨и档
ŷ֣ſ۾
ײ
ʲ
ķչĿɿڴ

۲ͼ

ǰкüֳֳĹ͢ΧԼ
Ŀɨܡ
ȰԼλá
ŷһ䡣
ŷΪȳȫɡ
ķӦȫĳ
Ȼ
Ǹǵȴǡ
򼧲ؽסŷ֡
ô
ȻԤϵؽ˹ǺƵ̬ȴû뵽һִ¡
ǰֱ̼һʼ֪򼧵˻Ƶġ
ƿԵʱ򡪡
ŷűⲿ
Ҿ֪ǻ
ϤͬʱҲڷصš
ǰһȺ¡¶΢ЦĽ巨ʿء
򼧽ҧ촽
Ϊʲô֪ǻ
ôһʣش
жģʽҴ϶͸ˡ
仰򼧲ࡣ
ȷֻҪǣϣ¶ȵ£򼧾ͻȡܲжһȫ巨οϣ¶ǰ°ߵġ
仰˵巨ϵ򼧻ǰ׷ϣ¶ȣ塣
򼧻Ǻηصǰӡ
ΪʲôҪ°ϣ¶ȣΪֹϣ¶ʲô£㲻ǶԹ𣿡
򼧵ʣػش
Ϊͬˡ
仰ͷһ
ָ𡭡
ֻ巨¶һûȤı顣ı˵һС
Ȼʲô֪
Ϊٴλܡﲢûϣ¶ȵӰ
򼧲ʵ
ϣ¶ôˣ
巨ʼ硣
ûҪ֪
ʲôҵѽ
Ѿûˡ
˻һ򼧸еԽԽʵ
𣿡
Ŀǰš
Ȼ˵޷ĵĲ򼧻΢һ
Ŀǰţʹ巨̴ɡ
޷˰ġ
򼧱ضԽ巨˵
ϣ¶ȡ㵣ϣ¶ڵ޻Σ˹ǵĻˣϣ¶ȫûͷ㻹޷ҿԸμ
򼧵ķԣ巨ֻǻĮı顣
ź޷ĻҲˡǽıΪ
ı
仰򼧴㵲ѡ
ϣ¶ȵº򼧵·ɵ£ǽ巨Ϊ˸׽ö⽫鴮һ顣
õĹһ൱
ǹ˹ǵĳУҡ
û¡
򼧴ǽ巨ûٶ࿴һۡ
ǲ˼̸̬ȡ
Ž巨Ƶŷϡ
ĿתضԼ׸硣
ҲһΪ˹ҵĳԱȻԼĹң
˻һ򼧲ɵõɴ˫ֻۡŷ侮ʯˡ
æ巨ŷ֮䡣
ǵģŷûйϵ
ЭΪߵصõ֤ݡ
仰һ˲ƿԣǿӲ⡣
Ұģ
Ȼ
򼧵ķƺн巨»ֻ巨¶ı顣
ûİ֮£ǼһӦĽɫ
Ҫһ㣬һֻ˵
һŭӿͷ򼧲

ˡ˵塣
巨Ӳͽߵ򼧺ŷϡ
巨ǰҲϹ
Ϊ˴ﵽĿĿԲֶΡ
Ҫɱ׸Ҳϧ
ǻ˹ǴΣˣǶԼĿγ谭ˣ᳹ų
Ϊʲôǻ˵֮ᡣ
˹ǵƽ򼧵Ķ
ǡ



4  ޡ١

ֻηرϴ
ڻ谵ĵʯУû
Ȼ֪᲻ֺܲû뵽Ȼա
һ򼧾ͻðɡ
Ҳ̫ˣȻҺ˽顣
򼧸ϲҿ˵ͷʹ֮Ĵһ𣬿ûþͷѪͻ˰ɡ
ĽŲȫʧ󣬹µһ˵סˡ
ûŷԵǷǳġ
ǼһҪɡ
Ϊŷ˾Կ׶ŷûзŭޡȵȵĸ顣
Ϊŷ˾ȫ෴žдڵ塣
ŷû취Կ˽巨ġ
ˣҲڱɱɡ
ȷ˵ֻҪŷ˾ڣ巨ͲóȻɱ
ϣ¶ȻܵʲôԴ򼧾Ͳˡ
ôأǺԼһڱʯ𣿻ߡҲпڸϿ״¡
巨ʿи˵˿ȱ㣬û֪ϣ¶ʲô
Ҫϣ¶и̣ҾԲŹģӣƣһԴ
ץ˵򼧷ŭ
š
ԶһŲ
ô
һڱʯص
㲻ͷҲ֪˭

һλŮҡҷŲ״ĺɫߵ򼧵ηǰ
ͻȻϾɵεӰħŮ
ϢעŶԷ
ݡ
гߵ֡
򼧲ûж˵ʲôֻ۶ݲţ¶΢Ц
Ľ˹δˣֻǺӶѡ
Էô˵漴һ䣺
˵ʲôƵġĿǰ˹Ǹûδԡ
˻һ¶ı顣
ѵ㡭
˵ݳ˼һȻְתϡ
ӡǸˡ˵𣿡
üͷ
ʲô˼Ǹˡ
û̻ش⣬ֻһ
Ǹ˾ʲôԽȻֹͷֱӸ߱ˡ
򼧴Ļ
һ£˵ʲô
ݵУ򼧲ĳ¡
˵ﲮ𣿡
ֻ΢΢һЦ
򼧲ŵؿʵ
Ѳ㶼֪𣿰ŷ˾ŷ¡еŷĸ£
ݵϸֳı顣
˵أ
򼧿Կ϶
˹Ȼ֪顭
ʱһˡ
ǸӵͬòŮԡǲһΣʲô⺬ڵĻͱʾݵĸȷʵ֪ﲮŷĸԼ
Ϊ˹ħŮŮԣʧȥħԲдĳ̶ֳȵҲ˵
˵巨Ϊ˽˹ǵδǰٵΣѾֻǽ˹ǵˡ缴ǲʲôû岻Ӧ֪巨ֻڰ׷ѹˡȻô谮ôܵ㣬Ϊʲôûֹ
ֻ¶΢Ц
ʲôأ򼧡
ʲôʲô˼
ʹдΣ˹һʧȥޣûκˡ
޷ȷݵ֮⡣
û塭
Σһʧȥޣ˹Ҿͻʧ
仰üͷ
⻰ô˵
뿴˹֮ʧ֮󣬹Ŵˡô

ǽʧȥһС񡣡
ǡ
ʧȥôһ¡Щ˾ǶյٹŻԶ޷ӹȥĻӰѡĸ׵ӣұ˽һˡ
仰۾
˹ҲᲽͬĵ·Ȼ̬ͬ˹ͽ˹ڱһģһСľͻ޷֧ŹҶ»𡣾ǽ巨Ҳ޷ֹϾΪʥ޲ߣԼڡ
սȭͷ
ֻһԸ˵ûҲˡ֣ͨȻȴֻǼֲϣԼĹʧȥޣ㲻뷨̫˽𣿡
΢΢ƫԴ
뷨С뷨

ȫĹ֮Զսвźƽڵɡ
ݵĺɫֱͫ򼧡
ΪЩСѹԵ֧䣬ܱƽ⡣ĻͲ֪жٹҪΪһССᡢսˡ

򼧶ʱԶԣֻĬĬݵһһ
ȻǸˡҪһ磬ǲܵġô綼ı䡣ֻҪ໹Ǵص֧ߡ
˵
򼧲ɵôĿ⡣ǲݻе˼ʹˣ򼧻޷ͬ˵һС
²Կô֪
˻һݶͶ̽ߡ
ôҪԿ𣿡
仰漴̧ͷ
ҪΪҪɱŷ𣿡
⡭
һֱԸ£򼧲ڲ
Ϊûۡ
ݿ򼧣̾һ
ҲŻһֱҸ桭Ҫ뿪ŷѽ
ҪҲѡ񣬽˹Ǿûδ˰ɣ
ʧȥ޵Ļ˹һûδԡҲý˹ǵĳûҵһ
ʱ˽˵ʲôˡ
ȻҪ𣬲һ𡪡ý˹Ǵһ̣Ը
뷨ʵ̫˽ˡ
ǰҲɣ
ң
Ҳ֪ŷ֮岻㣬ʲô𡣡
ǡ
ݴʹ򼧲ҧ촽һҲû򼧲ûгݵʸΪ˭Ҫ˽˾Լ
򼧣ݵıͻ
촽΢ƺҪ˵Щʲô
ڴʱ
򼧣
ͻȻ˽лԼ֣һ
ס
ƶߡ
ôܣ
ΪѾټˡ
һӰѸײڶٶȳǰ
ŷ
ȷԷǻӰǱ֮򼧶ʱȻʧ



ͻ״򼧲ؽסˡ
ŷٻǾȶϲá
Ȼŷĳ˾ȣǸ˾ȵģǸ
СӣҺľòΥԼɣ
һ˵һǰסŷǽ˹ǵһӣࡣ
ʱ޿̶һѴ󽣵ģҲѾϰˡ
챻ǿߣŷƴ򼧡
֮ҪȰ򼧷ųУȻֵطʵ̫ˡ
ϴҲҶη𣡣
ﻹûϴεܵܳ⣬Լڵ¡
ֵܵĳ֣¶
ע⵽ݵǳڷһ㣬Ѹٰγ˱Ĵ󽣡
Ůˣֵطʲô
ͻȻĵܵǣݲɫطʣ
ô£ŷķӡӦõ൱ܣ˵ûôѲŶѽ
ʱͦš
бү̶ֳȸ㲻ʲôӡʲôȫһƻˡ
һ˼ؿ
ŷѵû뵽㻹ˡ
¶˵ıش
Ҳûֻ˽װˡ
ף
Ϊһ˵Ը⽻ҵ
˵ָŷݲͷ

ȭͷ̬ȼ˵
ԶǼһҳ衣һҪѩܣ룡
ⷬ˲ɫࡣ
˵˭ˡ
һû𡭡
򼧻һֱѰҵĶ󣬾ǺԼһĴӴܵ
Ϊҳϧŷʱ֣һҵ򼧵ڴ
ڼȺʤ˵ܸһ޷̵¡ʹԷǱҲô࣬ĵ˼ǵˡ
򼧰Ƶŷϡ
ŷôΣյԼ𣿡
ֻŷһⲻȥɦɦͷ
ǸΪ벻취ˡ
ն𣿡
ΪҺܵұжû취֪һ뵽ڿܵʲôĥҾҲǡվҲǡ

ͻȻеͷĿѣ
ץˣ建䣬ڵء
ŷû򼧵ķӦִֻηĴŴǰһѿ
죬ŷƿ˵һ֣Ȼǣ򼧵ߵη⡣
û°ɣ
ŷĵģһץסŷ죬ҡ
һʲô£ʲôÿȻƫƫ
ǡҲô˵Ļû취巨صºüĽ磬ҪһһͻʵǷǳʱ䡣ϷȲѲš
ʲôȲѰ
Ϊʲôò׶е࿴ˣȴȻҡ
Ϊ˱ⱻصѹ
˵֪ڴǼһͻȻʧȥӰҮ
ҪҲ򼧵ǰһʧˡ
򼧲֪ȥˣȻŷӦҲһ
ꡪŷæʳָ촽ǰ
ҪǱˡ
ŷ̸Ƶľֹ¶㵵ı顣
һòᡭ
ѵƭ
ꡪŷٴʳָ촽ǰֹ򼧵ķԡ
ǲˡ

۲ͼ

ѽ
Ѿø˵ʲôźˡ
Ͷ·¡
Ҫ±֪鷳ɾʹˡ
ֵĹǲڳ˰
Ψһ֪ŷĺܵԼ
֮򼧶ŷ˵
ô˵㶼ңҵл
ֻܴ˵ŷȷʵʱ
ֻҪػɣлתơ
漴˵
֮ܶŷܴǰϣ¶ȵڴ𣿡
һ뵽ʱϣ¶Ȳʲô״򼧾͸е
˻һվں󷽵˫ֻءе
˵ʲôɵӦҵȰɣ
ǡ
ѾԸǼһֵ˰ɣ
˵Ҫ˵Ļô죿
ƨ°
ȫûõԸʵŷҲ֪١ԣ֪Ҳôװ
һ϶ưոݣ޲ߵ򼧲ࡣ
ôźá
֮ʣ򼧷ݲ֪ʱʧˡ
µ˵
ιݲˡ

Ͷݸղվλá
ǸŮˣ㵽ȥˡ
Դ¶һ͸ı顣
ڴʱ򼧵ͻȻܵһϢͬʱͣ˶
ͷϴӵ
յĽŲҽԼŶҡľ
͸صʯ컨һ̧ͷ
䳳ֵĳ̶ȣȫ޷뵽ƽʱĽ˹ǡ
ʲôˣ
ϵĶǱѰŷҲһ˼ؿϷ
һɧǵûƽϢļ
ĺɫͫɢõĹâ
١
΢΢
ԽԽȤˡ
Ȥ
ﲢûлش򼧵ķʡ
¸˲䣬͵ʧˡ

ͻȻʧǰȻһѸȡ侲
ŷ֣ڴߴ٣
Ҳȥ



˸æӵεĽܻصʱ
˳ӿ
֪Ǻöⲽˡ޷Ӧͻ̬޴ˡµڽˡ͵͵̽ˡ
ǰʽˡ
Ļ⾰򼧲һ
û˹ǹôˡĹｻȼȣѵлῴͬʱֱ֣㳲һ㡣
ץסܹԼߵһۣѯʶԷ
׷ʲôˣ
ǿסֻۣŵؿ򼧡
Ϊ˵Ŀŵľٶ˵ǷǳΣյģһƬҵʱ̣ûаע⵽
巨µġƷϣ¶ȵ
۷ҡ
ϣ¶ȣ
õ֣ͷһ
ϣ¶ȳʲô𣿣
ò巨׼ϣ¶ȴ̰ɣһ뵽򼧾ͽŵ١
ȴ˱Ĵ𰸡
°ˡ
ס
仰ʲô˼ôʵʱѾȺķˡԭصֻеһͷˮ
ϣ¶ȱ°ˡ
˭°ߵģ˼֮ʣٶȴһ˵Ĳҽ
ҽ֮лһ侪֮
ޡ١ˣ
ȵĴɳӵһ˽е
ʲô
һҲæ򴰻ƿɳ㼷ڴաȵƿԵȺҲѧԱߵ̽ա
ֻи޴ĺӰ
ŹʶĿԹԡ
̺ɫâɫ棬ľ޴Ž˹ǹϿա
ŤĳǼΡ
ûʵĳëɫɡ
ϣ¶ȵޡ
ҡ
򼧵һ
Ϊͬ߶ȵգһλ벻
ͻȻʧﲮס÷ϣ¶ȣƮڰС



5  ͷ

һʱ֮䣬޷ǰ׷ʲôˡ
ƮڿС
ͨ಻õ¡
ʶġ
򼧵˫̲ס
ҹȻƭ𡭡
Ϊ˵õϣ¶ڵޣܶŻݳⳡƭӽ
ǡ
ҪԼ뷨㣬˦˦ͷ
ϣ¶Ȳܿܶαװô߳ϣ¶ȶȷֱα
ܶǼһŻ
ȻˡΪʲôֵֻطӳ˵أ
ΪʲôĻᱧϣ¶أ
СΪʲôջϣ¶ȵأ
иֽӶʣ򼧸еͷ͡
תͷһŷҲաĲ͸ղŲͬԵΪ򶨡
·˼ʲôƵģһﲻǰĹ⾰
סŷ֡
ܴҵȥ𣿡
Σม
֪һȷϡ
򼧡
ʶôݱҵΡ
ǰͲᷢˡ
򼧸ողŶԽ巨˵ϣ¶ȺԲ˹ǴΣ巨ţԼԸμǡ
û뵽˵ûãͷ顪Ҳ޷Ǳˡ巨һԭǵġ
Ҫǡ
Ļ⾰ˡ
ޡ١Ļʹ巨Ѿʧȥˡ
ʧȥ˼̳λʸ񡪡ĵվǳˡ򼧾̻˶첻ˡ
ʱ򼧽ҧ촽
м·ǵȷɡ
־ᶨŷ
һ棬ŷȴ¶֪ͬı顣ǲƽʱǸ˳ı顣
ŷ
ĸо򼧸еЩɻŷǸܿʧˡ
ŷ˼һ󣬱㱧򼧡
֪ˣ۾ϸȷϰɡ
˵꣬ǰľͲ˱仯
ƶʱֻһɲǣһ¡ת֮䣬˾͵ִȥĳˡ
ع򼧲ŷԼŷĲ֮£վڽ˹ǹݶϡ
¸˲䣬һǿҵѹȸϯ򼧿ҪϢ

֪ͷŵĲǴͻΧӰ졣Ϊ򼧵Ҳޣǹжôǿ̫ӽ޵Եʣʹȫ¶ܵصѹȡ
û뵽
һƤ񡣼ʹˣǵֵסѹһеĿˡ
򼧸ܵԼڵ붯
·ųǰһ㣬򼧵ɢڼϢ
򼧲ַ֪ӦǷŭǾиһ塣ΪεķӦ޸ա١ʱһ
ԽԽϣ޵ĴڸоԽԽԡ
ڵѾظܵ޵Ϣˡ
ڵ̧֮ͷ
ʹվݶϣ֮仹һξ롣
վڵһ㡪ڱߵλã޵ľ޴帲סգڵγһ޴ĺӰ
ÿϣ¶ȵϵɫӭҡҷͻһݵɽ֮ϮƴסŲŷſŷ֣һǰȥ
򼧡
ŷӱ
򼧻عͷȥŷĿͶ
С
֪ŷܵԼ
ŷԼˡ
Ϊ÷ŷǣǴԼطѾǳлˡ
ŷһվԭûж
ΪӦ򼧵ˣͷȰ򼧣ԾվԶ䡣
򼧶ŷе൱ⲻȥ
ŷǻ跨ʵ򼧵Ը
Ǽһ̫˷ˡ
ԵôΪȻڲŷƺе̫ˡ
ٶǰעǰꡣ

򼧵Ƶϡ
ʮϤɫͫ
򼧡
ԷԼ֣򼧵һ

Сһ𳤴һ֪ˡ
Ǳˡ
ǻʵͱܶʱȫͬ
Ȼ
۾򼧷ӻˡ
ԭ򼧻ΪͷϵǱܶðƻǰľֹΪƭ򼧶װġ
ӳеȴ¶Լ֪÷ı顣
޷ȷǰ
ô£
Ϊʲôᱧϣ¶ƮڰأΪʲô޻١ء
Ȼܶ˵ĻΪʲô
ߴϱ𿪣﷢ʹ
ҵѾȫʹˡ
˵ʲô
򼧵ѯʣϵıʹࡣ
û취ɿԼ塣Ҹ°
û취ɿơ
ͷűԼڻϣ¶ȡ
Ҫϣ¶Ȼ㣬ڵȴҲ첻
еϣ¶ȣƺʧȥʶ
Ȼ򼧺ܵϣ¶ȵİΣ
⻰ʲô˼
֪ҵĳͷ

ұıӦ
עʹı顣
ûдϣ¶ͺˣһϣ¶Ⱦڽ˹ǵı¹Űȵеⶼҵ޴ɵġ
仰򼧵һ
ѵ㡭
̽Եʵ
Ѿָм𣿡
ϣ¶һȫ
򼧵ʣߡķӦ˵һС
ʲôʱ򡭡ﲮصסʱӦûûȫָŶԡ
򼧻һ¡
͸סĴ
عͷĿཻű㻯һʧˡ
ǵõʱı鿴˵ЩʲôԭʱѾʹˡ
ɥʧļҲʱָġ
Ϊʲô
ûлش⡣
ֻ¶˵顣
ȡ֮ϸ΢Ц
ǸЦס˺
ƶߣѰЦԴ
ֻͻȻðаĺɫռ䣬ռ𽥱仯Ρ¸˲䣬һˡ
ɫͷͻҺɫͫòʶĳＫΪơ
Էͳص׵İ˹֮ͬס
˵ıȴͬ
ȻаֿɰǹȴǸ




򼧵гԷ֡
꿴ԼףԵδѣ鵽ԷıǶô׶
Ǹŷ˾һȳԹĿ
ˣ򼧡
طĻϲһ㣬ꡪ¶΢ЦûٱǸƭ
Ŀ
Ĺ𣿡
򼧣¶ôµúһỰˡ
ٷϻʵشҵ⡣
򼧳ŭ类ץСһ㣬ʼ硣
ţµûûһ
ı鿴һ˿⣬Ϊɹֲ֧СƵġԴ΢΢ƫһߡ
ķӦüͷ
ΪʲôҪ£
ָֻ
Ϊϣ¶˵ˡˡ⣬ԸˡȻ˲ȫ
ȫ
üͷ򼧣¶˼ݵЦݡ
鶼Ǹม

ԼƷһ㣬ԳȰı
ֻеĿܾˡ
ܡ
㡭
ͶǴߣΪЦ˳
֪ܶ顣֪һ¡

ܶ¹ͶߡԾĿһ£Ҳһᴦҡܺ԰ɣӵйͬĿ꣬ϣܶһ㡣ˣעԶСɫ
ЦǾʲôƵ۾
һ
ֵ⿪ˡ
Ϊʲôû㷢أôȻ
ϸ룬һж̫ˡ
ûȻߡܶƲ⣬ʱʹ˱ܶʱ
ʱҲ˵ܶôһ˵ҲӦþ
ʵˡ
ʵ𡭡
壬תƵ򼧵֮
Ϊ˷ֹıһּ䡣
֮ûжеļ䣬Ϊòϣ¶ʶ
Ϊȡüϣ¶ڵޣάĻǵһҪ
šżȻв߻Ľϣ¶Ȼָ˼䡣
ʵ̲סҧ촽
ȫûע⵽
һжļƻСϣ¶ȡؼ䡢Ҳȡضİ飬޲ڽ巨
ǲʥ޲ߵ˵ǲޡ١ġ
һ㡣
ȡģ޷ޡֻǿ壬ǾˡֻҪϣ¶ȾͲܡ
Բ򼧡
򼧶ʱع
ظܵں޵ֿ֮Լжôա
ⲻĴ
㻻ɱˣҲ޷̬ͬ
ͨôԿأ
ϣ¶Ⱥֻ⵽õܺ߰ˡ
֪ʱתƵϡ
ޣ¶ĵ΢Ц
ﰡ
ǰֵĳߴԡ
ʱͻȻһ
ȷʵ
򼧳һתͷȥֻһξݶϣվż翸󽣵ζޡ

ﲢ֣Ͼ򼧵˸ص̽
Ȼ˵ĻҵޣͷҲ
˸˷ܵĹâ޵ĳ֣Ǹ˶𾪡
ˡﻹûʶϣ¶ȵޡ
ϴν巨ޡ١ʱŷʧȥʶ
Ͷ
˵С治ɰһĸо
ƺǱܵزԷΣԡ
ʹˣȻ˿η塣˹һͿ־֮ĸԵ
Ҳû񵱳ʱô嶯
ʲôͼ
Ȼ¶һЦݣȴͶԷ־롣
һҲ֪
ǰӵжôǿʵ
ǸԲһҲõģͶƵ
Ȼȴһа΢Ц
Ҿȥ̫鷳ˣԴֱӻٵ˹ǡ
ķ˫ۡ
ʲ
˹һͷޡôѾĻҲֻеһͷҲø֮ǰȻңһͼ򵥶ˡ
ԭ˰
²ؼƵص˵ͷķӦ¶Щɻı顣
㲻ֹ𣿡
ɶ
˵˹ǷǳҪɣ
ʣָƮڿе˵
ȲЩҵ޴һɡ
仰Ե൱㵡ҲǲƵķӦŵˡ
ף
֪˭ޱȽǿ
ٴųҫĹâ
ҾҵޱȽǿˣ
ǸֵˡҲãͷĻ˹Ҳͻٶˡ
޹ǳʱͬһͻ᲻ɡ
Ҫ޼ɵؿĻ˹ǲöþͻữΪ˰ɡ
æǰֹˡ
ţ
Ͻ˵
ǸʲôҲ˹ʧˣǵĹҲܸมֻǽ˹ǣѾ޷ô޴ˡҲٹãеһжʧ
ôһ˵գգۡ
Ϊ˵Ŭͣ
Ϊܵ޲ϡ١Ӱ죬ѾҪˣĿǰʹ׼عޡѾͬס໥ʱˡ
ͷ򼧵һ˼һ֮ȴ˵
ǲԿˡ
ס
ԿǲĻ𡣡
˻һ򼧲Ŀɿڴ
˵ʲô
㲻ֿܡţԿɡ
ǹ٬򼧶ʱƿԡ
һ
ݻﶼ
Ը޷ʵ֣ǶԸ
ٶȰƻϡ
ͻȻ˶ֻǰԼ岻ض¶ı顣
óƴҪֿȴؿ塣
ܵݵĿһ㡣
ָʹޡ
ס֡ĻҾĲ㣡
Ȼ˽еʵȴƮڰеһ취ûС
еϣ¶Ȼʡ¡
֪˹ǼԼϡ
ָޡ
Ѿûֹܹˡ
صչ˸ɫâĻ֮
ŵɫ⸲ա
ôһ˹ǹ䡣
ͥԺľ𽥿ήΰĽ￪ʼѺۡ
ǰľ󣬵ϵ̷ҲЩŵӳ
ڴʱյһ˳˸Ӻ˵״
һűǰ޸Ӵĺɫʡ
򼧲ɵۡ
ѪڵĹһ㣬źɫĿǰΪֹδľ޴ռڡ
ֻγ󽣾Ǹռ䡣
ٰɣҵޣ
֮󣬺ɫռ俪ʼֵܶ
ų޷ǹɳǻ𻨱һ㣬һ׻ĺ¡
¸˲䡪һȻյѷзԾ

Ŀùľ޴ߡ
źƬèһ飬ںɫľٶȽˡ
ϵǿģȫϢԶԡ
Ǹֳ̬ĶɵĿ־С
ӵϣ״Ľš͹ƽϸβͻװ壬ɢͬ綾
߻ɢľ˲һԹҲѷɫ
ͷʵš
дڵۺ塪˿ͬʱڽ˹ǵϿա



ֻĬĬǰĹ⾰
Ĺ⾰ֱǶΡ
򼧴û˼Ҳû
ĳ桭ʵ̫ˡ
ܵͷ޵Ӱ죬岻ͣز
ܲס򼧲ɵñ۾
ôֹǡ
ƾǲܵġûֹǰĻµĹ⾰
Ϊ
ڴʱ
ⳡεڿлصš
ǹȻ˽˹ǵĻ
ͷһ
ƫƫڹϡ
ʹˣ򼧻ǻ۾ȷϷߵģ
ϡ
Ľ˹ǵӲ֪ʱڴ˵أһͷƮҷ
εעǸӰ
Ž˹ǵҪֳĽ巨ŭյĹһ
õɫػܡ
巨
巨ʿһڳ˵׺󣬻ؿ˵
Խ˹ǹ֮ʩƲá
ƽ̺ޱ쳹ܡ
仰ס˺

һʱ֮䣬û仰˼ڽ巨Ǻ򼧵Դ㿪ʼˡ
һ£˵
һ˹
֮ⷬ򼧶ʱȻʧ
ʲôʱġ
ղѾõĳˡ
巨ǡ
ǵͷȻ󹧾سιϹ
ûܼʱ״˺һ֮󣬲Ŵе
ʲô˵ʲôλƾʲôûоͬ¾;£
ݡһϵĴָ巨
㲻ѾûĻм̳λʸ񰡣
һֱʱҲ¶ıѯͻȻⳡĽ˹ǵӡ
ǹ
Լ١
ô˵ʹν˹ǹʥޣ
Դ˼һͨһ㣬һ
Ϊ˹ǵĩͦġ
Ȼ˵ĳ巨ֻЦԶԡ
ı쳣š
֮һĳĬ
ʱƺǴӵܵܵıв졣
ȻʲôƵؿ˵
һòᡭ
󣬽巨΢΢
µû
Ž巨ա
¸˲䣬һ˺۾ǿԽ巨ͷ¡
ڴ۹ߵҫ֮£æס۾ͻʶԶȥ
һ
򼧻ָʱӳһ˲ŵĹ⾰
ֶһͷûľ޴
һͷɢŽɫâľ޴Ұޡ
дŵǻӰ㲻ƮݻζȴȻһ
ǡ
ǰ巨ʹʥ޲ô϶ٱʵģҲǵ
һͷµ޳ڽ˹ǵϿˡ



6  ˹Ǳ

һãȻͷҫѣĿâ
顭
Ĳ𡪡
ͬʱͷ޽ڽ˹ǣѾ൱ˡ
û뵽巨Ҳٻޡ
˹ǹּ״̬
ӹյǣԼӳͥԺǡÿ϶ֳǺƵı飬ֵעϵͷޡ
ڽ˹ǵϿգȫ޴Ǹסˡ
ͷͷŵײ֮£Ļšˮ͵桪ֱܵ޺Ӱ
ֻǴڴ˵أѹԵϯ˹ǣͥԺڵľ֦Ҷҡڲɳɳ졣
Сӣ͵ѧҶ԰ɣ
ȼŭɡ
ҵǸģ
ղ￴ϣ¶ȵʱ¶ɫѾȻ޴桪ȡ֮ŭɶı顣
巨ش
õ£ûɰ첻
ǱߴԲˣֻģҶѡ
仰ٶ̧ͷͷϵĻƽǡ
ϵͷһҲػš
ڱ˴˶̫ǿ·޷
򼧵ǣһСһС
һ㶦ս
ŤĽ𡭡
ĬĬЩ
ޡ
òŶȷϣǵȷǡ
ﲮô˵
ȥֻоʥֲ֮ŵԡ١Ĵڣڲ֪䣬޿ʼ磻Ҳֻһͷи޳ء
巨Ҳ˽ȡһͷ
ʲôʱ򡭡
巨ôͷ޵أ
ʱͻȻһ¡
ô˵Ӻ񼸺ûкͽ巨ء
ʱϢҲо
ûйλڼ䣬Ž˹ʵȨһֱǽ巨Ͼһʼвٳͬ
ȻӣȴٸоӰ
巨ذ֡ӡ
ǿΪ巨ڽ˹ǰɡ
㾪ʵ
Ϊ˲κ˷֣԰вȡж𣿣
ֻŷҲûͼ
ϸ룬̬ȷʵ֡
ò׵õġƷޣ巨ȴûӹϣ¶ȡ
ǼΪġƷʱϣ¶ȵȷʵڽ巨ġ
㲻õʱѾԤϵ־ˡ
֪ϣ¶ȵ޳ɱ˵ġԲŻᰵѰޣСĲ˲
˹ͬʱͷԭӦǶһ޶ʱžѾע⵽طѾıˡ
䡣
ͬʱҲ˽⵽Ҫý˹ǼȥԽԽѡ
ݡ֪𣿣
򼧾Ӧ֪Ϊɱ癣˲Żͷ޵¡
ĿǰΪֹһֱԹ۵ʱڽƻؽ巨ϡ
ûСƷôŪǸģ
巨ǶͶһıߡ
ʥ޲ߺᲢۣҺĥǹǲͬ
΢΢üͷ
ߣǺеˡΪûСƷĻǾʲôҲ
Ѵ󽣿ڼϵص
ƷΪޡ١ܹ֮ȷʹõý顣ԭʹ޲Ҫõֶ
¶Цݡ
ǲҪһץһͷ޾͵׼һƷ
ⷬ򼧲֪Ŵĩ巨͸Ȼͬķġ
มǲʥ޲ߡ
ӵ̫ħˮ壬ʹǹʥ޲ߡֻʥ޲ȴֻǵѡ
ûܵﳰŪ
ֻʼ硣
ֻҪܵõޣʲôһġ
˵ȡ޵ķҪںֻн
¶΢Цҿ
ҷ˺һŰŪ֣ɵúúñֲม
Ŀ¶
š
仰ϣ¶ȵǰ
ֻϣ¶ȵؿڱųâ
Ȳȡжȴ
Լ´
ϰ
ǶӦ㣬߳ײȥ
ͷ޵༤ײ
¸˲䣬𡢻ɢ
ɳ˴أѸٲµѺۡľ𡢶ᣬʯ½ΪƬ
ľ޴մбǺܿȡƽ⡣ŭĴɢĻ֮óͷϵĳǳ߷ײȥ
¸˲䣬ײĿռһԲεĹ⻷𺳴ĳͬưɢɢ
ֻ߳ŵϵĽֱֵ¡
һ¡Ȼ죬Ȼ˽ֵ֮СŨŨĻȽȽʡ
ֻؿĻ⾰
ˡʲôѵٵԼĹ𣡣
ĽƺûдĶ
ԼϾúɡ
ļһ
󣬴üӲβͳһģٴμԶաڿзתһȦ°ںӭ̬ơ
š
ĿǰΪֹһֱûжľͻȻһԾ
ĻƽĶ
ʲô
¸˲䣬巨޴ͷų֮ʸ˺ѴϮȥ
ۣ
ִ֮ǿһݶˤ䡣
ײϵ֮ǰһµĴڽס
һͷʥͻȻʲôûеĿռðӵеһͷʥޣèĹ
ʥڵһţһԾصݶôʥ޵ıϣŽ巨ŭȣ
ʣʲôĶ˰ɣ
ǽ巨ȴŭص
µȽҪ󱿵
˵ʲô
Լʲô¡
巨ָ档ֵֻһѾȫѹ壬һɽ
ñӺЦһ
ûʸ˵Ϊ˵õһУҪٵһҲϧɣ㲻ˬֻΪԼĶŪˣǱһѽڣ
ܵŭӰ㣬ɫ޷
˴˹Ƕ
ͷǶ֧ߵĸͬȫ״̬
ʼڲͷųѹԵ
ֻǴռزѺ۵ľǣڼҵĶ־֮˹Ƕǿ֮¡
򼧻عձ˶˵ڼټ
ͷϿʼۼƣ𽥰
֮׹⣬Һ¡죬ʱűŷľ󣬷·ն޲˹
ˡ
ǰĹ⾰򼧶ʱѪɫ
˹ǹڵĺü﷢ž죬ǽڲѣ¡
ǷҽУͷҴܡ
ٲȻһ⾰
Ŀ²
˫ֲͣز
ֲսɡ
򼧽ҧ촽
ʱﲮһҲĳۿһĻ
˭Ҫ綯û⾰
ʹˡǲϳ档
û׷뿪ס򼧣ְһԹߵĽɫ
˵ʲôҪѡ𣿣
Ѿ޷뷨ˡ
ֻ֪۷ʲô£Ԯ֡
Ȼˣ뽵Ʋõ֮ˡʲôͬأ
и࡭ɱ˵ô
ΪʲôҪĻëѾͷء
־棬ֲ򼧵Ρ
뵽ŷعͷȥ
ŷʵ̫򼧻᲻һͻȻʧȥӰ
ԤϵģŷȻվ򼧷ſֵλãעǰһ顣
ģ򼧵ľһʹ
ҪɱŷֹܹⳡΣ𣿣
ΪŷԿ𣬲ͬŷ˾һӡ˸ͻýš
һĻ
ܹ
ֹܹ
򼧲¶յı顣
ʱŷĿ򼧣Ƕɫͫ񽻻֮ʡ
򼧲ֹͣ˺
ƽǸַḻıȻͬѾ˵һС
̲סҧ촽
Ǽһ
ʶص
ŷͿˣѾʱԸ׼
Դϣ¶ȵޱٻһˡ
һ
ҪֹĻ𣬾ֻһ
ĸֶΡ
ܵͷ򼧻޷ȡж
¡ôõ
ʹǰĹ⾰򼧻޷ȡж
ѵĴءע⵽ٶȷҽСܵǡ𽥲Ľ˹ǡ
ʹˡ޷ȡж
򼧻ڱȥɡ޷УȻ˫۵á
˽޴ѡͺáòżȷѡԵڿڵ̬֮󣬻˵ͬĻ
ؿڷ·ܵʯѹȣ򼧴
Լеĳַ·ҪƵġ
ǶĵıӦ㡪
ڵĳֶʼ˶
򼧶ʱһ

һɳ嶯ͻȻϮ򼧲ɵðסԼؿڡ
𡭡
򼧸оڵ൱ڴߴ򼧿Լ
Ϊס궯ޣƴؿڡ
š
򼧡
ŷԼ֣ҡͷ
У
¶ı鿴ŷ
򼧡
УҰ첻
֪ŷԸʲô
ŷһֱԼĴڱʡֻΪ˳䵱ӡŷ˾Կ׶ڣֻΪ˷ӡ֮µĿ¹ڡ
˵һֱܺԼ
һԼǿʹʶȡĻŷ˾ͻ֧塣
ΪԿ׵Լ޷طӦеĹЧ
ڡŷҵԼĴڼֵˡ
ȻҪԼҵԼļֵ
ⲻĽ
ŷѾʮŬˡһֱŷܵǵη壬ܲù¶
Ȼ鲢û˶Ťʼάıԡ
ŷôµأ
ԸֻҪɱһеܻý
򼧵ȻʾԼ
ŷĵԸҲû취¡
ȥҾҪǧˡ
ֻΪһ˶
Ǽ˻ѡڶ򼧵С
ֻ򼧵вΪʱ籾Ѿˡ
֪䣬ŷߡ
֪ˣ򼧡
ŷ¶ı飬̾һ
򼧰Ŀŷƿ
ֱȻ岻ɱŷСѡвᡣ
ŷ¶˵顣
ҡû취ټԹˡ
һҲһ
ڽ˹ǹһλǹ򼧡ľ򼧴Ů
Լڽ˹ڼʶǡ
Ȼտʼ򼧾ǸĹңסǻиġ
ˡ
ޣ򼧡
ǰŷ˵
ζû취ɱҵĻֻӲͷƤһˡ
仰漴̧ͷ
ġ
š
ŷ˵ͷ
Ҫһνŷ˾
˻һ򼧶ʱһæץŷļ
˵ʲôɵô£УΨԲУ
û취ˡ
ŷ˾Ǽһͻæƽǰ̬ҲŲأ
ҡͷ
ŷ˵
򼧣ñڸˡȥҲ޷þȡֻܿˡ
Ǳ𣡣ΪʲôһֱԿģοĻĴڸ㲻ûʧҮ
ΪԿ׵ʹҪ屻аȾָĻŷܻԶʧҲ˵㲻ŷ˾ȡ֧Ȩ֮ŷҲزҲ˵
ŷ¶һеı˵
ҲǱƲѵġ
Ʋѡ
򼧶ʱĿɿڴһҵŭӿͷ
ΪΪʲôŻ˿հ
Ϊʧȥ򼧲Ż˽ս֮С
ȻΪʲôҪ˵ֻأ
ɵ£֡
˫֡뵽ֲȥˡ
ֻĬĬעսȭͷ
ʱͻȻ죬˵Ľ¾ҵҡΡ
վ㲻ѵĹݶϣ޷֮бƽ⣬ʧһӡ
ıײݶϡ

׷ʲôˣ̧ͷ
Ȼһڵݶһ붼ݻˡ
ֻݶ²ķ䶼⵽ᴩһ󶴡
ӽ巨ٶȶ﷢˹ֻǳʥޱϵ׵ض㿪˹
èɵûܵĹŵأ
չŴ󽣣巨һ񿳡
巨Ǿ֣絲Ⲩơ
һõ衴Ʒ֮󣬽巨Ҳ˫սƾС
ڽ巨ȫӵòӰˡⳡսû˲µİɡ
ϵҲս衣
ұߡ𶯵ĴҡεĴء
ȫ֣ΧǽĻ̨һ㣬һƬŵĻɫ
ȫʧˡ
еһжڱ߽⡣
¶Ǳıʱ
鷢ˡ



7  ع֮

ǹһϢ򼧷ǳϤ
ģǹɺʮϢ
޽ȻͬԼսѹȸС
ëȻĿ־Ϯȫ
ˡ
򼧿Ըоõ
Ǹվǳˡ
ͬڿֲľȻ̲ס
ŷǼһ
򼧽ҧ촽
ԷǾԲԳڴ˵صԲԽŵ
Ǹھվ򼧱
򼧲ͷǲͷֲС
תӣ
ϣǸ˾վ
ɢϢǸ֪
ŷ˾
򼧽гǸ֡
Բܽŵħ˸ٶȱˡ
ϿԸܵһɲͬޡȴ޸ΣյķΧ
򼧻һ¡
Ⲣŷ˾˭ǿ˭
Ϊ޵пգ޴ӱȽ
û˲µõʲô
ŷ˾ץס·𶳽һ㶯õ󣬽Լ
ħ˸ǰ¶׶Цݡ
ôˣ㲻ǲϣ𣿡

ŷ˾ÿߵ񣬿ûڲ򼧡
ϣô
˻һٿ̧ͷ
û뵽˻Լ⡣
ֹޡ
عѾ˵仰ˡ
Ȼħ˸Լ޷ݵа񣬵Ǿͽ˵򼧹ȥкüαȣŻѿڶ
ŷ˾Ƿһ˿Ц
ðɡҴӦ㡣
벻Ļش˫ۡ
һŵעŷ˾
һϴӦҵ󡭡
ⲻԼΰɣ
򼧲¶ɺ
ŷ˾һ˼һ˵
ӡǸΪ˶ҵġ

򼧻ǵһοŷ˾
ãȻشվԭһ֮󡪡
ƶߣֻŷ˾ָһ
ֻҪɱǣͽˡ
ָķȥɵס˺
ŷ˾ָ
Լеϣ¶ȡ
æץסŷ˾졣
šǵģ˵⣡
ֻҪʰǣһж
仰򼧶ʱƿԡ
ȷֻҪɱϣ¶ȣ˹ǵĵ˾ʧˡɱǻȡȴûƷ
ɱ˵Ļϣ¶ȵ޾ͻʧ
һͽ巨Ҳֹͣս
Ͼǲŷ˾ǰȥ

ԣģ
ֻǲظ仰
ǰĲҾʹĵŷ֮¶Ľŷ˾ӦòΪŶԡ
Ľġ
ŷ˾¶õЦݡ
ģһһжƻġЩ硣
ϵĴڡ֮սﶼֻһϷ
ŷ˾зԡĿùεˮԼŷ˾
ת֮䣬ǹ͡
ͽ巨ȫͶԼսУԶûע⵽
Ҳһ
ס֡ס֡
򼧴еֹûֹܹŷ˾
ֹܹﲢڣһ֮⡣
Ǹȴħ˸
򼧽w촽ҪѪ
ΪһĴڣŻӭɡ
еⶼԴڡ
Ϊŷ˾ϣŻܵƲá
ΪĴڱ̫ΣաΪɡ
һѵԴǴħ˵һ̿ʼġ
֪ҾӦɱŷġ
ȫ򼧵޴µĺ
ŷϣܳȫԼԸ
ȴ˽а˳λ븶Ĵۡ
򼧼㣬ڵٶȷĽ
ѪҺһ㡣
ŭ뽹򼧵һƬհס
ԽԽģ



ع
򼧵˼˲ֹͣˡ
տԵĽУǰĸᴩ
ʪĴСѪ򼧵
Լɵ̴֮ŷ˾塣
ԡ
д̴Ķŷ˾
ãȻؿŶԷ
ŷ
Բ𡪡򼧡
仰򼧵䡣
ǹġ
ŷ˾Ϊ˵ʲô϶ֵ򼧡
ɱŷ֮⣬ûİ취ˡΪ˼ʹһ㣬ҲȻ϶ֵ򼧣ŷŻ²ߡ
ŷֻڶʱڽŷ˾򼧲ĶԼ֣ҲӦܹŷ˾֡򼧵Ľᴩŷ˾֮ǰŷٶȽӡ
ôĻ򼧾ɱŷ
ؿǿҪƵģʹô
ֻƴס̱˫ȡҪڵµĻԼϵŷҲᵹ¡򼧷̤ȽŲվˡ
ڵֻѡ
סȴʱ̡
һصȴǸ˲䡣
֮󡪡
Ǳɴһ㣬ŷɫѸٲ仯
ʹӵͬɫʣȴȻͬ򼧷ǳһ㡣

һƾĸоȻ
һʶŷˡ
Ȳŷ˾Ҳŷĵ˸񡪡ŷĸ˸񡪡
Ϣؿ۾
ԭȷ򼧼ϵƿ塣
Էôһ򼧲Ĳȡ
֪䣬ϵ֮ʧˡ
ֻˣ򼧶ɵ˺Ҳȫԭˡ
˹ǵڶǲġ˽⵽仰˼
Ƕ˵ԷѾǸİˣ֪ˡ
ܳ͸һˡ
Ȼͬ򼧵Ķȴ֮
ָ֣ᴥ򼧵ա
ʱ򼧲ע⵽Լʪʪġ
ûԼڿޡ
ŷ˵
㲻Ҫ¶ֱ飬ΪҲ
ҡҡͷ
㲻
򼧶ԣǲһġ
ˡ
򼧾ǿķӦ¶ǿЦı顣Ǹŷ˾ŷͬЦݡ

۲ͼ

һֱڿม
˻һĿתضǰĴڡ
һֱ
Դ˹ǺҾһֱ㡣
򼧾ⷬڶʮƽȡ
״εִ˹ʱҾݶϿˡŷ˾ڣӵġһ𡪡
򼧼
ӵһۼ㣬Ҿ֪ҵˡ
򼧲仰˼
ǲò˵
սⳡΰɡֻܿˡ
磬ⳡξͻĻ
ŷĻ
ָӡ
һС
ǰ˵ͷ
ҾΪ˶ŵġ
˵¶΢Цʵ
ô
򼧵ʣµġŷش
һлعޡ
һС
򼧻ﲮ˵Ļ
Ҫһлع޵
ʱﲮ΢Цض˵
򼧵ڻ޷Ǿ仰˼
üͷ˼ʱŷͻȻסıԼ򼧵ôŷ򼧸еʱ򡪡
ŷ쵽򼧵ؿڡ
¸˲䣬ؿųҫ۵Ĺâ
âתۼγһ޴򣬽ŷȫס
ǿҵĹ֮򼧿Ҫ
һӰĻ򼧵Ժ
һɲ˼



ڳɫԵУ򼧿һŮ
һֻޱȵĴվŮԡŮĺɫԼʯ
Ůð⻬ָ˵˼仰
ʵ̫Сû취
ʹˣ򼧻Ů˵ʲô
һԼ
һ졪ڳᵽңԶδΪǸ뱳ԼжΡδ
ȻӦûиޡ١֮С
ϣĩޡ
Ů˿ӵд֮ޡ
罵֮ڡͬʱҲսһеĴڡ
ΪǸҳеεĿŮ
š޷˻Ӧ
һԡ˼

ǸմξѹƵģգգ۾
ղĹ⾰ӡ
ȵɢȥ򼧵ʶ㱻ʵ
޴ͷ̧ͷ
ӳһֻµޡ
һֻ׵
ӵĹ𣻳Ⱦˡʷ״չɫβ𡪡Լ籦ʯɫ۾
ǸŵĴڣųѷڳ޵ѹ
ƿԵֻޡ
Ҳ̺Ų˼â۾򼧡
ɡ˹Ȼͨ
ֱ˵漣ˡ
˵ĴʵڹңԶ
ֻ֮ԿϽ򼧡ע򼧣ǻңԶĹȥµԼ
üαֹ
ȷΪ򼧵ĴڣûԼļֵ
ϾͬĶɡ˹ݵ಻еڶͬĴڡ
һֱ̽š
ֱ˿̡Ըһˡ
ʱ޾Ѱš
ϵĽš
׵ľչ˫ڿȻ
Ĵʥׯϡ׹ҫĳ򡪡γɾ޴ķѹ
ѹ״ɢס⡣
򼧵ڵĹΪġɢ
ǿҲķѹάһľƣŰΧ
һѹ˹ǵĶУȻչΧ
ʹսڲ֪ͣ˶
ǶͷϷİɫޣԼݵͽȻͬ
չĴ֮ڸ߿հľ޴ķѹͨķѹǺܿע⵽һ㡣
ʲô
һͷ
巨ĬĬ̧ͷͷİɫޡ


ƺǸоԼ䡣
صͷԼֽš
ɫâðȽȽտʼôһ¡
򼧻ʲôˡ
ֻ岻ɢɫâ
һ򼧲ʲô
ǡˮ
ĹŴħʧ
۵¶˼ı飬ͷעԼ֡
ˮ֮ʡ
ô¡
巨Ҳ䣬üͷ
Լյûõޡ
ǿĻƽֹͣ˶̧ͷ䣬ĳƵġ
ͬģɫͺɫҲڲֹ֪ͣ˶
ƺܵĳεĶԼ̧ͬͷϷ
Ͽŷѹޡ
֮󡪡
յĴƬƷ·𱻷ѹɢһΪ
ƵѷгֵĲա
µڡ
ι
Լ޲̫Ծ
󣬾߻عߡ
˵߶ݽ֮󣬺ɫӰصʧˡԡȷ˵޵߽⣬ΪĹ
ͬһʱ䣬ɫԼĻƽǶͬͱ仯һŹ
Ź򻺻Ͽշȥ
򱻳Ͽյľ޴ռ֮󣬱ʧӰˡ
һȻؿĻ⾰
㵽ʲô
ŷ򼧡
ҿ֮š
֮š
ԭڵĳұǹ黹ԭˡ
ԭˡ
򼧲ָеġ񡵡
ŷƽȵתƵȻһɻϡ
Ҳǡ
ŷᵽԼüͷ
Ҳǡ
ǹ޼ʥͬѾǲôˣα뽫һжعС
ʱ¶ı顣
ֻҵ𣿡
е˵ڡӦöɡԭǽҲԭˡ
üͷ
˵ˮ֮ʧ
ˮԼʥʵͬһֶֻ̬ͬˣһġ
Ķ
黹ǹ̬޷֮ǰ
¡Ҳܽܡ
ܽҲýܡ
һٴοԼ֡
ڵˮȻʧС˼һ֮Ĳ鲻Ը̾һ
ȡ֣أ̫ˡǵԸֻһʵҮ
ŷֻƽע
ƺ˽⵽ôԹıˡ
һ㣬۾
¸˲䡪
ǸСӰһ̰ʧˡ
Ʈڿеһƫôŵ׹䡣
ϣ¶ȣ
򼧻ŵԼվﶼˡæҪץסǡ
һŲȿգۿҪˤݶʱŷʱץס
ģѾǰȻˡ
һʱһʵ
׷ʲôˣ
ֻŷ¶Ц
ӱˡ
˽⵽ŷָ
ﵽȥˣ
֪ûʱԶһɡϾ϶к³
ŷͷ˹ǹϵĲ״
˹ǻ⸱ԣȫΪٻϣ¶ڵޡ
Ҳ֪ԼΪԲܱˡȻһſɰףͷȴ൱
⵽ƻĳ򼧸еʹ֮࣬Ҳһ¡
һԭڳҲˡ

ﲻ֪ʱʧӰʹĴèʥҲ֪ȥˡ
Ǽһȥˡ
Ҳǰ⸱״Ԫ֮һ
ѵҲԾ𡪡ԲŻᾯΣն֮죿
ŷһﲻվԭصĽ巨˵
޺ʥѾˣҲٴγ֡Ϊҽر֮ţҲû취š
仰󣬽巨Ͷ
˹ǵɨǡ
ŷ¶һô˵еı飬һ˿΢Ц
ãֻˡҪ־͹ʱˡ

ԳĬĽ巨ŷ˵
㻹ǿԸΪʹûޡ
巨ûд𻰣ƺˡ
¶ȽɽƱ飬ŷǶͶͬ
һжôͷʼˡ
Ĭ˰֮󣬽巨
û취ܲóĻҵһɡ
Ȼһ䲻õı顣
ʱͻȻɡ˹ԼĽ˹ǳʥ
Ȳ۸ΣʥΪƵģλˡ
򼧲̡ܷ
򼧡
ŷڽԼٿ̧ͷ
ֻŷļͣһֻһֻԲεĲɫС
档
ɰﻹӣаգգۺֱֱע򼧡
Ψһͬǣ΢΢Ź⡣
֪ʲô˼
һʧӿͷ
СһҲû취𣿣
ʥ޺ͬعС

ġ١Ťضѷ졣
ʥ޼޾͸Щѷġ
Ǳصԭĵطȥˡ
Ȼ
֪䣬ŷҲʼɢɫâ
Ǻͬˮ֮⡣ƺе㲻̫һ
㡭еҮ
֣
ôһ˵ŷԴ΢΢һƫǸֹʶŷȻЩͬ
֪ˮֲֻˡ
ָоҲ˵
ŷ˵
ΪûⰡ
⡭
ŷش
ȫù黹С
ΪųһŤĸԴ
һʱ֮䣬򼧻޷仰˼
ȫ
Ϊŷ˾ԭ;֮Ķ
򼧾ȵ۾
Ҳǡ
Ҳǣ
Һŷ˾һģҲ
ŷⷬ򼧵һ
ôᡭﲮ˵ŷʧ˹ǵڶҲȴ
ûܰѻ˵ꡣ
ŷֵָ򼧵Ķͷ¸˲䣬ͻȻеһѣ
㡭
ʶŷǿƶߡ
ƴҪֿ
ʲôЦȻԡ
ʵ̫˽ˡ֮󡭡Ȼ³̫ˡ
û취˵仰
ʶһƬհס



8  ոµĵ·

򼧻۾
һʱ֮䣬Լںδ
ԼڸжǵĴϣԼڽ˹ǡ
˺üĶΡ
ƻĶС⵽ɱáԼʧŷ
ȻһжѾĻˣĻǲŲĨ˺ۡ
ʱſڴһ
ٿ̧ͷֻ߽˷䡣
簲򼧣𣿡
Է϶һӸǵ̡
Ҹޡ
ƵؿŽ˹ǵĹ
ϰڷŲ;ߣΪò׼򼧿ֹ
Լͺã鷳ˡ
ɲͼݽ˹ǵĹ¡
ʱ¶΢Ц
òſһ۰ɡ

Ŀཻ֮ݵԴ΢΢һƫ
ôˣʲô𣿡
̲סʵ
ڽ˹Ǵʲôʱ򣿡
¼ݳʵں֣򼧾þǻҲδ̫һ㡣
ֻ¶˼ı顣
֮ǲȥˡϾԼĹ綼״̬ܲ⡢˵߾߰ɡ
򼧵ĿԵЩ
ôһ˵Щⲻȥ
˹֮Ի˴룬Ϊ򼧵ǰδõԵʣǲǴĵġ
Ҳ򼧲Żٳûз
ŵشò׼󣬶˵
ˣǿɡ
޿κεֻǰʼ͡
ûʲôʳ򼧳Եúڶλϣһֹıע򼧡
򼧾ڶԷǰˡ
ȰҺͽ巨飬Ҳ˵ܶˣҾܾ
ΪʲôŷĻҲûнɡο
˵ֱͣߵĶüͷ
ѵ㻹ŷ𣿡
ûд𻰣ֻǱߡ
򼧣˵
һΪͽ巨һԡΪЭ巨ǺӰҲࡣ
û£Ǽһûְ£Ҫҿء
ˣ̬򼧻
ڷ֮ǰϣԼŬЭ˹ؽ
õˣŽ巨ûʦ֮ǰ򼧾ѾԸŮȴ͵͵ضˡ
˲ݣץĻǲûܵʲôĴá
˵һֱûǲ׷׽ǵĽ˹ιƺñȽԲһˡ
Ҳ˵
ڵĻҾ棬ܾѾæˡ
֮ܶҪǲʱٰһæȵƽϢ֮ģʾɾˡ
Ȼ˴룬ǽ˹Ȼļߵļһ
˵˹ȻǲĴڰɡ
ʹˣʧȥ޺ʥ޵ңǲòı䡣ͬʱܱĹϵҲ𽥲仯
ڻõķ仯ǻķ仯򼧾Ͳö֪ˡ
Դ֮ٳա
ʧȥ޺ʥޣҪôȥأ൱⡣
λҲڲ֪бܸܵߣѾʲôҲʣˡ
ָԣڶĳطúúõİɡ
ǡ
ͣò͵Ķһ¡
򼧡
ڽԼ򼧲Żع
ôˣһֱڷ
ûʲô
飿
ûлش𡣲ݾǿ˼һ㣬ϸֳ΢Ц
ﲮأҲһϵĳκʱֻҪ绹һ죬ͻڡ
ô˵򼧻޷ͻ
ԴǴ֮򼧾ûټˡ
ҲΪʱỳǲԼƾĻþ
ʵס
ֻܼбŷǷ˵ǡ
򼧵˵ġǷˡѾˡ
ﲮҲ򼧵ǰ
ԵĻһ뵱Թ䡣
ֱڣȻ޷ԭﲮء
ġˡҪ򼧿Ļ»ǰסɡ
֮󣬶˵
һֱǱߵҲûรݡ
վѲ;߷ϡŮȸȫԼ㶨ŻҪٹһʱ䣬ܻطɡ
ҲΪ巨ӡȥɫŮ԰ɡ
˵仰룺
ҲΪϻкϵŮԾˡ
ݵԵЩ
򼧣Ǹ䵭Ů
Դ̬ȼػһ䣺
ԼİԼѡ񡣡



Ѻ۱鲼ͥԺδޡ
Ҫ޲ЩѺֲۡľҪ϶أ
ʹˣĿǰߵĳѾܺˡ
ٻмøʵľõġ
һ֮һտĳǰһӰ
һ±Ŀ
ɫĽҫ⡣
ŷ
򼧳һУŷſ˫ۡ
֮ıʱԵݹ
ˣ򼧣
㿴ȵòͷˡ
ôһ˵ŷϸ΢Ц
ûչԡоء
עҫ۵Цݡ
һΪѾʧȥĶȻԼУˣл֮⡣
ʱ¡
еعʱ
˵Ķ磬ĳ˵İϷԭӦʧ˵ֱ漣
򼧻ߵʱŷ¶һĵı顣
㿴ƣҮʵ㲻ǿԼæ巨ұϾֵܣԲڲˣ㲻һ
ŷԼӣ¶˿Ц
ΪһҵĹϵ
仰ŷƺ˼
ԭˡ
ǵģȫ㲻ǸʲôΪʲôˣһҪҺͽ巨鰡
ֻҪǣ巨ݾͻеٸ
ǲǶоء㻹ûǵ¸ǸСһĻᱻ˶มѾǸͨˣһɱĻɾͻ췦ޡ
İɡ
νķ˵ġ
ŷԼ
ڻع֮ǰһҪƽ²УһŵġΪѾҪŮȥˡ
ţ֪
صͷŷ򼧱ʵ
ĺ𣿡
ôûɵһʣŷԵһãȻ
ʲôòã
ҹ׸Ү
仰ŷ¶ĵ顣
˹Ѿɽ巨̳ˣֲںδ
ǼһﲻҪɣ
Ӧûµ
Ϊʲôܶ϶û£
Ϊﰡ
ȫ㲻˵һŷͬ뷨
ϾǸ¶ܴ̩֮Ȼӣа취Ϊĵġ
Ӧ˵򼧵ϣ
Ȼźͷʹĸԣ򼧻û취
˵ڽ˹Ҳֻˣ׸ĹȥԽ˹ǶԲһϲɺص¡
ô˵Ϊ㲻֪ҵĹж࣡
ûйӵŷа취ȥ
һ򼧷ǳġ
ֻŷݸһЦ
İɣֻҪаʲôⶼӭж⡣
Ǹյı飬򼧲ɵ¶Ц
˵
ĻԽˡ
̧ͷȥҶķ϶͸һƬεա

ꡪ





ᡢˡ
һӣƣֻѡ
˱ͺлʱҲûʲôֵġ
֮ܶڽˡ
µ˸һ䣨ܾеį
һĺҲûر֪ôԤᣬһж߸еɡ
ǵóȻԵĻʱûβˡҲŻⱣܣԭСߡ
ʵ׫дԭʱ򣬻Ϊ֪Ǻö˳
ͬǰ˵ѾŬˣӦã
ʵҲ֪òдһдˣŶԱµÿһ»ϵбڡ
ĺ˽²ָӵľ𣬱ñ־Ҳ
ϵҸеڵĵطǹڡŮĲд̫ˡ
˷ǡϲʵ׵Ĺ¡
ʱҲϲҰĹ¡
ԵģҲˡλޱȵŮ׷Լûе
һǵҵԱ༭˵Ҵдһơѱǡעɯʿǵ֮һдһѱĹ¡Ĺ¡볢дһҰѾͷ׹תΪŮĹ̡
ʵʿʼִ֮󡭡ȴԽԽƫԭķ򡭡
ȱŮ꣬ŮֺȫûĴ㡣
ÿζһֱ߳Լǰķ̡
ŮǹȻ˺ԽҪǣһ᲻أ
Ӧɽ巨ΣŷΣҵҲԥ˺ܾáսдͣ¹ȫŲͬķǰˡ
˵ѡǵ¹½Ȼͬѷ
ʵŷҲѾŬˣԾԭɡ
ڱһҲܵؼǿŮ黳Ĳ֡Űɡ

ȻƪĹѾˣ´λٳһ⴫
㲻ù»ΪģǺѡˣҲ˵
ϣʱҲ֧ܶ֡
ڱƪĸôˣΪ⴫ûҲĸвص
˵־CobaltҪװˡ뱾ͬշеľºУдһƪƪ¡
ȻʥĹϵһֱû־ϵǳȤĶ߲Կ
Ź¸һ䣬ҲڿԴһˣ̹˵ľúѶʣôβźãȻ˵ǳе£ȫ뽺״̬ʹһ춼˳Է
ô̰ԵҾȻǳԷ
ʱιԷûˡ
һҵɳԼ¡ʣµ㵱㶨仰󣬱ȫеļˡ
ϸ룬ڱЩΪ˷˶кáŽʺ߲ˡڿѾܳˡ
Ⱥд֮ҾȥȷϿ
أȻÿζ¶ҪŬٸ鷳Ŀûжֹ

˵ιԷȻǿоιʳ񣬲ڵʱ״̬£ȫûռ鹷
˵༭ںͨ绰ʱСһֱԡءءķͽУ༭˵ܾĽء
˵ŰС
ҼҵСԾԼжôɰݼʮָ߳رװĽһ
סҵĹÿ춼ءءķͽС

뵱ȻæŸϸʱȻûմɨ䣬˽ǰϦкܶҪǡ
ǰҵĹɢصԭ壬ֱͻ룬ԹһôӰ̶ס
ֻҪѷϸ嶪ԵҾͲضԭˡ
ڷϸĲܴͨͰûþˣһкǽ˹ȥһֱҵ⡣
ֲռռ䣬ˡ
ִֻʮ뵽Һͦġ֮´Ҿ֪Ҫˡ
Ȼȥ̫ۣܱȱԭֽûҪúö˰ɡ
ۡôԱԼ˽
Ȼ˰йҲҪںдЩֵ£ʵ¼ȴòд
Ϊհ׵ĸֽòһЩ߳ġء

ôĺܸлҡ
ϣǻлϵм棨֮ǰһ⴫

ĳ  ķϸһĳ  Զɰҹ



Ʒ鹹ʵ塢¼ȵһ޹ء
